1. What does this picture mean to you? Warm-up

2. So just how does evolution work? Living things have evolved throughout history.

3. Charles Darwin A scientist from the 1800s.A scientist from the 1800s. Sailed to the Galapagos Islands, justSailed to the Galapagos Islands, just off the coast of South America. Collected many fossils of different organisms and recorded all of his observations.Collected many fossils of different organisms and recorded all of his observations. Studied 13 species of Finch, a type of bird.Studied 13 species of Finch, a type of bird. Discovered that each species of Finch had a beak that was adapted to the kind of food that it ate.Discovered that each species of Finch had a beak that was adapted to the kind of food that it ate. Used all his observations to create a theory that explains how evolution works!Used all his observations to create a theory that explains how evolution works!

4. The Theory of Natural Selection

5. Let’s see who lives on and reproduces, who dies off without any offspring, and why!!!

6. Giraffe #1 Neck length = 10 feetNeck length = 10 feet Camouflage = some spotsCamouflage = some spots Body color = dark brownish orangeBody color = dark brownish orange Speed = slowSpeed = slow Food intake = 15 pounds per dayFood intake = 15 pounds per day Eyesight = excellentEyesight = excellent Fur type = 40 – 120 °FFur type = 40 – 120 °F Resistance = lowResistance = low

7. Giraffe #2 Neck length = 15 feetNeck length = 15 feet Camouflage = highly spottedCamouflage = highly spotted Body color = light brownBody color = light brown Speed = fastSpeed = fast Food intake = 5 pounds per dayFood intake = 5 pounds per day Eyesight = poorEyesight = poor Fur type = 75 – 130 °FFur type = 75 – 130 °F Resistance = highResistance = high

8. Giraffe #3 Neck length = 8 feetNeck length = 8 feet Camouflage = no spotsCamouflage = no spots Body color = light orangeBody color = light orange Speed = slowSpeed = slow Food intake = 5 pounds per dayFood intake = 5 pounds per day Eyesight = excellentEyesight = excellent Fur type = 60 – 120 °FFur type = 60 – 120 °F Resistance = lowResistance = low

9. Giraffe #4 Neck length = 12 feetNeck length = 12 feet Camouflage = highly spottedCamouflage = highly spotted Body color = light yellowish brownBody color = light yellowish brown Speed = fastSpeed = fast Food intake = 5 pounds per dayFood intake = 5 pounds per day Eyesight = excellentEyesight = excellent Fur type = 20 – 80 °FFur type = 20 – 80 °F Resistance = highResistance = high

10. Giraffe #1 Neck length = 10 feet Camouflage = some spots Body color = dark brownish orange Speed = slow Food intake = 15 pounds per day Eyesight = excellent Fur type = 40 – 120 °F Resistance = low Giraffe #2 Neck length = 15 feet Camouflage = highly spotted Body color = light brown Speed = fast Food intake = 5 pounds per day Eyesight = poor Fur type = 75 – 130 °F Resistance = high Giraffe #3 Neck length = 8 feet Camouflage = no spots Body color = light orange Speed = slow Food intake = 5 pounds per day Eyesight = excellent Fur type = 60 – 120 °F Resistance = low Giraffe #4 Neck length = 12 feet Camouflage = highly spotted Body color = light yellowish brown Speed = fast Food intake = 5 pounds per day Eyesight = excellent Fur type = 20 – 80 °F Resistance = high

11. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 Equal populations

12. Environmental Condition #1 80% of tree leaves found at 10 feet or higher. Condition lasts 100 years. Giraffe #2 = 5 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #3 = 2 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #4 = 5 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #1 = 4 offspring every 10 years *Multiply offspring by ten* Critical Adaptation  Neck length

13. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 100 Years 40 50 20 50

14. Environmental Condition #2 Widespread bacterial infection. Condition lasts 200 years. Giraffe #2 = population stays the same Giraffe #3 = population cut in half Giraffe #4 = population stays the same Giraffe #1 = population cut in half Critical Adaptation  Resistance

15. A rat flea engorged with blood …the primary vector of plague.

16. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 300 Years 20 50 10 50

17. Environmental Condition #3 Tree and grass shortage due to drought. Condition lasts 100 years. Giraffe #2 = 5 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #3 = 5 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #4 = 5 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #1 = 1 offspring every 10 years *Multiply offspring by ten* Critical Adaptation  Food intake

18. The Sahara Desert

19. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 400 Years 30 100 60 100

20. Environmental Condition #4 Abnormal increase in lion and hyena populations. Condition lasts 100 years. Giraffe #2 = 5 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #3 = 1 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #4 = 5 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #1 = 2 offspring every 10 years *Multiply offspring by ten* Critical Adaptation  Camouflage

24. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 500 Years 50 150 70 150

25. Environmental Condition #5 Minor glaciation. Condition lasts 1,000 years. Giraffe #2 = 1 offspring every 100 years Giraffe #3 = 3 offspring every 100 years Giraffe #4 = 10 offspring every 100 years Giraffe #1 = 5 offspring every 100 years *Multiply offspring by ten* Critical Adaptation  Fur Type

27. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 1,500 Years 100 160 100 250

28. Environmental Condition #6 Minor volcanism. Condition lasts 500 years. Giraffe #2 = 1 offspring every 50 years Giraffe #3 = 5 offspring every 50 years Giraffe #4 = 5 offspring every 50 years Giraffe #1 = 5 offspring every 50 years *Multiply offspring by ten* Critical Adaptation  Eyesight

30. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 2,000 Years 150 170 150 300

31. Environmental Condition #7 90% of tree leaves found at 12 feet or higher. Condition lasts 100 years. Giraffe #2 = 10 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #3 = 1 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #4 = 5 offspring every 10 years Giraffe #1 = 3 offspring every 10 years *Multiply offspring by ten* Critical Adaptation  Neck length

32. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 2,100 Years 180 270 160 350

33. Environmental Condition #8 Widespread infection. Condition lasts 100 years. Giraffe #2 = population stays the same Giraffe #3 = population cut in half Giraffe #4 = population stays the same Giraffe #1 = population cut in half Critical Adaptation  Resistance

35. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 2,200 Years 90 270 80 350

36. Environmental Condition #9 Abnormal increase in mutated giraffe-eating cheetah population. Condition lasts 300 years. Giraffe #2 = 5 offspring every 30 years Giraffe #3 = 1 offspring every 30 years Giraffe #4 = 5 offspring every 30 years Giraffe #1 = 1 offspring every 30 years *Multiply offspring by ten* Critical Adaptation  Speed

37. Giraffe Killers!!!

38. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 2,500 Years 100 320 90 400

39. Environmental Condition #10 Catastrophic global warming. Average daily temperature is 120 °F. Condition lasts 1,000 years. Giraffe #2 = 8 offspring every 100 years Giraffe #3 = 2 offspring every 100 years Giraffe #4 = population cut in half 3 times Giraffe #1 = 2 offspring every 100 years *Multiply offspring by ten* Critical Adaptation  Fur type

40. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 3,500 Years 120 400 110 50

41. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 Equal populations to start

42. Giraffe #1 Giraffe #2 Giraffe #3 Giraffe #4 Change over Time = Evolution 120 400 110 50

43. Giraffe 1

44. Giraffe 2

45. Giraffe 3

46. Giraffe 4

47. All Giraffes