1. John F. Kennedy New Frontier Cold War (Vietnam, Cuba, Berlin, etc. ) The Second Civil War Not to Judge by Color is Civil...Right? Everybody wants to Rule the World

2. Fragile Democratic Majorities Southern Democrats are tenuous Medical Assistance for elderly Increased federal aid to education Inflation & “Trickle Down” from a Democrat! Forced expansion of House Rules Committee

3. Congo Common Market EU Green Berets

4. CUBA and CASTRO Alliance for Progress April 17, 1961 1st - Bay of Pigs October 1962 Second - Cuban Missile Crisis

5. CUBA and CASTRO October 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis Effect of Cuban Missile Crisis Kruschev loses validity hard liners in Moscow want more military expansion Americans hurry to “catch up” Kennedy pushes even harder for nuclear test ban treaty foundation of detente

6. Stage I of the Cold War 1945-49 U.S. Nuclear Weapons Monopoly USA rapidly shows it is prepared to use the ultra-destructive device in same way as conventional weapon. Believed U.S.S.R. never be able to make an atomic bomb: 1. Soviet Iranian border (oil rights- threat of atomic bomb works) *U.S. introduces Baruch Plan for control of nuclear material. Rejected by U.S.S.R. 2. Balkans/Yugoslavia (Greece next door! Civil war. Truman doctrine) 3. Berlin (airlift) Ended in 1949 when Soviets exploded their 1st atomic bomb U.S. monopoly of weapons lasted 4 years.

7. Stage 2 of the Cold War 1949-62 Nuke Them First 1949 Soviets explode atomic bomb. 1. 1949China goes to Mao Tse Tung’s communist forces. 2. NSC 68 (justifies military expense- massive rearmament) 3. Korean War 1950- 1952 4. 1952 U.S. tests 1st Hydrogen bomb 5. 1954 Indochina (Vietnam) Dien Bien Phu. French fall. Must give Fr. atomic bomb 6. 1954 China - China moves troops to Quemoy and Matsu islands. Use atomic bomb? China negotiates 7.1956 Suez Crisis - issue Egypt’s right to control Suez canal. Br./Fr. see that at threat to their oil supply. Eisenhower Doctrine 8. 1959 Berlin - rearmament W Germany. Khruschev and Eisenhower meet at Camp David- Khruschev “appeasment” label. 9. 1962 Cuba - Missile Crisis. Both Kennedy and Krushchev almost lost control of forces

8. Stage 3 of the Cold War 1962-69 Scared Straight 1. Cuban Crisis - Brink of nuclear war. Worse crisis of all. 2. Khruschev ousted 3. 1964 China explodes atomic bomb 4. 1964 Vietnam- Gulf of Tonkin incident and U.S. majorily involved.

9. Stage 4 of the Cold War 1969-85 Relentless Arms Race 1. 1969 Nixon administration uses multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (warheads) on U.S. intercontinental ballistic missiles. 2. U.S. First strike capability 3. Nuclear armed submarines 4. 1969 Vietnam. Kissinger (Sec of State under Nixon) threatens Vietnam. DEFCON I threat fails. 5. 1969 Paris Peace Talks - Vietnam. If can’t get answer then escalation 6. 1970 Jordan - strategic pro-western Arab state threatened by pro-Soviet Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). U.S. support King Hussein in Jordan. PLO defeated 7. 1973 Yom Kippur War Israel - UN troops separate Israel and Egypt since Suez crisis. Israel attacked Egypt in 1967 - 6 day war. 1973 Egypt and Syria surprise attack Israel. Soviet and US negotiate peace. 8. 1980 Iran - revolution. Shah replaced by religious Ayatollah. 9. 1983 Geneva talks - Soviet Andropov will walk out if deployment of Pershing II and Cruise missiles begins to Germany 1 0. 1985 Gorbochev elected Sov. premier 11. 1985 Reagan’s Star Wars initiative