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Published byGilbert White Modified over 9 years ago
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Think about how your life would be different without electricity.
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School House Rocks Video
Think about connections to daily life and questions you have about electricity.. School House Rocks Video
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Electricity e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-
Movement of electrons Truemper SciLesson
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Current Electricity – moving electrons
Static Electricity – electrons waiting to be moved
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What part of the atom is removable?
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What part of the atom is removable?
Electrons can move from one atom to another Truemper SciLesson
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Atoms become charged by gaining or losing ...
Electrons Truemper SciLesson
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Electrons move from atom to atom
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Electric charges can be transferred by three ways
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3 ways to transfer electric charge
Conduction Induction Friction Truemper SciLesson
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Conduction Excess electrons pass to a neutral object when touched
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Induction Electrons transferred when a neutral object is near a charged object (in the electric field) Truemper SciLesson
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Friction moving electrons by force
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LAW OF ELECTRIC CHARGES
-- + -- + Like charges REPEL + -- Opposite charges ATTRACT Truemper SciLesson
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Objectives for the Day Explain the three ways electrons can be transferred using observation. Identify the type of electron transfer in given scenario. Truemper SciLesson
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Static Electricity
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What Is Static Electricity?
A stationary electrical charge that is built up on the surface of a material Truemper SciLesson
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Where do charges come from?
Matter is made up of atoms. + – Proton (positive charge) + neutron (neutral) electron (negative charge) – atom nucleus Truemper SciLesson
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Where do charges come from?
If electrons = protons neutral If electrons > protons negative charge (gains electrons) If electrons < protons positive charge (loses electrons) Truemper SciLesson
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Gain Electrons Lose electrons
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Where do charges come from?
Rubbing materials does NOT create electric charges. It just transfers electrons from one material to the other. Truemper SciLesson
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Where do charges come from?
When a balloon rubs a piece of wool... electrons are pulled from the wool to the balloon. + – – The balloon has more electrons than usual. wool The balloon: – charged, The wool: +charged Truemper SciLesson
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Insulators Insulators: materials that do NOT allow electrons to flow through them easily. Insulators can be easily charged by friction as the extra electrons gained CANNOT easily escape. Truemper SciLesson
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Conductors Conductors: materials that allow electrons to flow through them easily. Conductors CANNOT be easily charged by friction as the extra electrons gained can easily escape. Truemper SciLesson
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Conductors and Insulators
Copper Rubber Aluminum Cloth Humans Hair Water Plastic Most metals Glass Paper Truemper SciLesson
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Electro-negativity + + + + + + + + + + + + electro-negativity + +
- - - - - Glass Human Hair Nylon Silk Fur Aluminum Paper Cotton Copper Rubber PVC Teflon Relative electro-negativity ranking for some common materials from electron donating materials (+, glass) to electron accepting materials (-, teflon) Truemper SciLesson
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Static Electricity Balloon Simulation
Describe how charged particles interact. Truemper SciLesson
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Static Electricty Rotating Lab stations
You will have 8 minutes at each lab station Perform the experiment and write down your observations in the data table Be PATIENT. Take your time trying to charge your balloon or comb. If it doesn’t work the first time, keep trying. You will be turning in your detailed observations and an analysis of your observations. Truemper SciLesson
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Analysis of Data Activity Type of Electron Transfer
Support for the answer Example: Plasma Ball Induction Light bulb lit up without touching the plasma ball Truemper SciLesson
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Induction: The charge is created by an electric field
When a negatively charged rod is put near a metal can... electrons of the can are pushed away from the rod. - top of the can: positive attraction + bottom of the can: negative - metal can repulsion Truemper SciLesson
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A balloon has a negative charge when rubbed by a woollen cloth.
1 If the balloon can attract some paper scraps, which of the following cannot be the charge of paper scraps? A Neutral B Positive C Negative Truemper SciLesson
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A balloon has a negative charge when rubbed by woollen cloth.
2 During rubbing, what have been transferred between the woollen cloth and the balloon? A Electrons B Protons C Neutrons Truemper SciLesson
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Grounding Using a conductor to move an electric charge to the ground.
What is grounding? An object is grounded when it is connected to the earth. Using a conductor to move an electric charge to the ground. Truemper SciLesson
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Grounding How does grounding occur?
When we touch a metal sphere of positive charge... + + electrons flow from the earth to the metal to neutralize the metal. + + + – Metal becomes neutral. Truemper SciLesson
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Grounding How does grounding occur?
Similarly, if the metal is of negative charge... – – extra electrons flow from the metal to the earth and the metal becomes neutral. – – – – Truemper SciLesson
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Discharge Static Electric Truemper SciLesson
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The release of built up electrons
Electric Discharge The release of built up electrons Truemper SciLesson
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How do these relate to static electricity?
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How do these relate to static electricity?
Nylon is an insulator and electric charges build up on it. The charges built up so much the people became charged. Their hair is negatively charged and repels every other hair Wool is an insulator and electric charges build up on it. Those negative charges want to get to the ground so they jump to any neutral object. This movement is electric discharge and gives the lamb a shock each time electrons jump from him to a neutral object. Truemper SciLesson
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Van de Graff explained Let’s hear from the expert… Static Electricity
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