1. Slide 1 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved “Deadline Driven Estimation” “How much functionality can be built, within a deadline of X, with Y people, given proficiency Z?”

2. Slide 2 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved Software Production Equation Conceptual Form = xx TIMEEFFORT PROCESS PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCT SIZE ESLOC Function Points Objects

3. Slide 3 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved Step 1 - Identify Time and Budgeted Effort Time to June Deadline = 6 Months Budgeted Effort = 24 Person- Months

4. Slide 4 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved Step 2 - Select Application Class and Productivity Index CategoryPI STD Dev v Business 17.3 +/- 4.1 v System Software 13.7 +/- 4.9 v Telecom 12.2 +/- 4.0 v Scientific 12.1 +/- 3.5 v Process Control 12.1 +/- 3.4 v Command & Ctrl 11.3 +/- 4.3 v Avionic 8.2 +/- 4.8 v Real-time 7.8 +/- 3.8 v Microcode 6.3 +/- 2.8

5. Slide 5 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved PI PP 1754 2987 31220 41597 51974 62584 73194 84181 95186 106765 118362 1210946 Step 3 - Map PI Value to a Productivity Parameter PI PP 1313530 1417711 1521892 1628657 1735422 1846368 1957314 2075025 2192736 22121393 23150050 24196418

6. Slide 6 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved Size B Very Low.16 Low.18 Med Low.28 Med High.34 High.37 Very High.39 Step 4 - Select “ B” (Integration Factor) Progressively Higher Values of B allow for Various Degrees of Software Integration Testing

7. Slide 7 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved Step 5 - Calculate Size Selected PI = 17, Mapping to a Productivity Parameter = 35422 Effort = 24 Person-Months Time = 6 Months

8. Slide 8 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved Step 5 - Calculate Size (con’t) SLOC = (35422) x (6 mos/12) 1.33 x ((24 pm/12)/.28).33 = (35422) x (.5) 1.33 x (7.14).33 = 27,074

9. Slide 9 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved Step 6 - Map to Functional Size Units v Based on resultant size, translate that down to additional size units, such as number of programs, modules, function points, objects, etc. v For example, if size profiles of your projects reveal typical proportions of 200 source lines of C++ code per object, then 27074 loc would translate to about 135 objects. v Try (really hard now) NOT to promise more than 135 objects in the 6 month time frame!!

10. Slide 10 Copyright QSM Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved Recommended Reading v Mah, Michael C., “High-Definition Software Measurement” © May 1999 Software Magazine  Mah, Michael C., and Putnam, Lawrence H., “Software by the Numbers: An Aerial View of the Software Metrics Landscape” © 1997 American Programmer.  Putnam, Lawrence H., and Myers, Ware, “Industrial Strength Software” © 1997 IEEE Computer Society.  Tufte, Edward, “Visual Explanations, Images and Quantities, Evidence and Narrative” © 1997 Graphics Press.