1. Répand Comme Une Flamme Sauvage  Soon after Protestant Reformation began in Germany, it spread to France  By 1560’s one in ten people in France were French Calvinist Protestants (also known as Huguenots)  A large population of the Huguenots consisted of noble families and threatened the Catholic French monarchy. Translation: “spreading like wildfire”

2. un, roi, une loi, une foi  One King, One Law, One Religion (faith) August 24 th, 1572 St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre This bloody event was the massacre of almost 70,000 Huguenots at the hand of Catherine de’Medici

3. Spread the Love  In 1593 Henry of Navarre became Henry IV  He was able to gain acceptance from France by converting from Protestantism to Catholicism  “Paris is well worth a Mass”  Even though he was a newly affiliated Catholic, Henry didn’t forget his religious roots. Henry issued the Edict of Nantes.

4. Prince Charming  In addition to encouraging religious tolerance, Henry IV also eliminated France’s debt and was able to build a surplus. He also drained swamps, built roads and canals and encouraged agriculture.

5. Thus Ends Henry IV Henry is assassinated by a Catholic

6. It’s A Bullet! It’s a Plane, No It’s Superman! In 1624, Louis XIII appointed Cardinal Richelieu as his chief minister and most trusted adviser. Sought to destroy the Huguenots and the Nobility two groups that did not bow to royal authority Created Reason Of The State

7. Louis XIV  Considered history’s best example of an absolute monarch  “I am the state”, “L’etat c’est moi”  Demanded to be in charge of the: Military Political Affairs Economic Affairs ○ Being in control of all of these areas deprived the nobility of influence

8. No more tolerance  Louis XIV evokes the Edict of Nantes  Over 200,000 French Protestants fled, loss of their skills and wealth.  Similar to Spain’s expulsion of the Jews and Muslims  Battle of Rockroy Most powerful army

9. Spanish Succession  The most COSTLY war, War of Spanish Succession, started when the King of Spain died without an heir  1701, England, Netherlands, Holy Roman Empire went to war against France, to prevent the combining forces of France and Spain

10. 1713 Treaty of Utrecht  Louis accepts defeat, but his grandson got the Spanish throne anyway.  Stated France and Spain could never be ruled by the same Monarch  War benefitted England at the expense of France and Spain

11. Versailles