1. P RACTICE TEST eutrophication

2. A FARMER IN LANCASTER COUNTY PLOWS IS FIELDS AND SPREADS EXTRA FERTILIZER ON THE SOIL THE DAY BEFORE A RAINSTORM. How would the nutrients from the farmer’s field enter the chesapeake bay watershed? Answer: runoff created by the rain will wash the extra nutrients into nearby rivers/streams that will flow to the chesapeake bay watershed

3. A FARMER IN LANCASTER COUNTY PLOWS IS FIELDS AND SPREADS EXTRA FERTILIZER ON THE SOIL THE DAY BEFORE A RAINSTORM. How would the additional nutrients affect the watershed? Answer: they will cause algal blooms

4. A FARMER IN LANCASTER COUNTY PLOWS IS FIELDS AND SPREADS EXTRA FERTILIZER ON THE SOIL THE DAY BEFORE A RAINSTORM. How will the bay be degraded? Answer: after algae die decomposers will use up most of the oxygen, the low levels of oxygen will cause other organisms to die

5. H OW IS DISSOLVED OXYGEN ADDED TO WATER Photosynthesis of algae and other plants

6. T HE MATERIAL IN SEWAGE THAT LEADS TO EUTROPHICATION : phosphate

7. H OW IS DISSOLVED OXYGEN REMOVED FROM WATER SYSTEMS : Decomposition of algae

8. L OW DISSOLVED OXYGEN IS ASSOCIATED WITH NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT BECAUSE : Decomposers require more oxygen to decompose all the dead algae

9. E XCESS NUTRIENTS FIRST APPEARED IN THE CHESAPEAKE BAY WHEN SETTLERS ARRIVED BECAUSE : They began to farm, and the fertilizers contained excess nutrients, and their animals’ waste contained excess nutrients

10. H OW WOULD AN INCREASE IN DISSOLVED NUTRIENTS AFFECT ALGAE AND SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION (SAV’ S ) The algae will increase and the SAV’s will decrease

11. T HE TWO MOST IMPORTANT NUTRIENTS FOR STIMULATION EUTROPHICATION ARE : Nitrogen and phosphorus

12. T HERE ARE DEAD ZONES IN THE CHESAPEAKE BAY DUE TO LOW LEVELS OF : Oxygen in the water

13. W HAT ORGANISM IN THE CHESAPEAKE BAY CAN HELP REDUCE THE AMOUNT OF NUTRIENTS : Oysters

14. E XPLAIN A SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF MANURE Manure contains excess nitrogen that causes algal blooms leadng to low oxygen and death Precision feeding only puts the necessary amount of nutrient into the feed so that less nutrient is present in their waste This will help because less nutrient will mean less damage from increasing algae

15. S TORM WATER RUNOFF Problem because water containing excess nutrient gets into water ways and leads to eutrophication Porous asphalt paving allows water to be absorbed instead of run off Stone beds recharge water/filter it Infiltration beds prevent flooding because it keeps water at the site Rain gardens and vegetated swales filter and clean water All this prevents water from being polluted

16. SEWAGE Outdated sewage treatment cannot clean water New upgraded systems use microfiltration and reverse osmosis can make water as clean as drinking water Water is reused instead of placed into streams Helps prevent pollutants from entering water systems

17. A BANDONED MINE DRAINAGE Problem because it makes water acidic Use alkalizing chemicals, constructed wetlands, or pass water through limestone lined stream beds This helps neutralize acidic water and filter out pollutants