1. Tests of Significance: The Basics ESS chapter 15 © 2013 W.H. Freeman and Company

2. Stating Hypotheses Null and alternative hypotheses always refer to ________________. a) a sample statistic b) a sampling distribution c) a population parameter

3. Stating Hypotheses (answer) Null and alternative hypotheses always refer to ________________. a) a sample statistic b) a sampling distribution c) a population parameter

4. Stating Hypotheses If we test H 0 :  = 40 vs. H a :  < 40, this test is _________________. a) one-sided (left tail). b) one-sided (right tail). c) two-sided.

5. Stating Hypotheses (answer) If we test H 0 :  = 40 vs. H a :  < 40, this test is _________________. a) one-sided (left tail). b) one-sided (right tail). c) two-sided.

6. Stating Hypotheses If we test H 0 :  = 40 vs. H a :   40, this test is _________________. a) one-sided (left tail). b) one-sided (right tail). c) two-sided.

7. Stating Hypotheses (answer) If we test H 0 :  = 40 vs. H a :   40, this test is _________________. a) one-sided (left tail). b) one-sided (right tail). c) two-sided.

8. P-Value, Statistical Significance To calculate the P-value for a significance test, we use information about the _____________. a) sample distribution b) population distribution c) sampling distribution of x ̅

9. P-Value, Statistical Significance (answer) To calculate the P-value for a significance test, we use information about the _____________. a) sample distribution b) population distribution c) sampling distribution of x ̅

10. P-Value, Statistical Significance The data are ‘statistically significant’ whenever ____________. a) P-value > . b) P-value  . c) P-value  . d) P-value  .

11. P-Value, Statistical Significance (answer) The data are ‘statistically significant’ whenever ____________. a) P-value > . b) P-value  . c) P-value  . d) P-value  .

12. P-Value, Statistical Significance Suppose the P-value for a hypothesis test is 0.0304. Using  = 0.05, what is the appropriate conclusion? a) Reject the null hypothesis. b) Reject the alternative hypothesis. c) Do not reject the null hypothesis. d) Do not reject the alternative hypothesis.

13. P-Value, Statistical Significance (answer) Suppose the P-value for a hypothesis test is 0.0304. Using  = 0.05, what is the appropriate conclusion? a) Reject the null hypothesis. b) Reject the alternative hypothesis. c) Do not reject the null hypothesis. d) Do not reject the alternative hypothesis.

14. P-Value, Statistical Significance Suppose the P-value for a hypothesis test is 0.304. Using  = 0.05, what is the appropriate conclusion? a) Reject the null hypothesis. b) Reject the alternative hypothesis. c) Do not reject the null hypothesis. d) Do not reject the alternative hypothesis.

15. P-Value, Statistical Significance (answer) Suppose the P-value for a hypothesis test is 0.304. Using  = 0.05, what is the appropriate conclusion? a) Reject the null hypothesis. b) Reject the alternative hypothesis. c) Do not reject the null hypothesis. d) Do not reject the alternative hypothesis.