1. Date 3/13/12 Americans Join the Allies Chapter 9 Section 3

2. The “doughboys” arrive ✤ The “haps” ✤ Germany over-confident ✤ Doesn’t believe US will even get to Europe because of German U-boats ✤ Also, making gains on the western front ✤ Allies ✤ On the brink of loosing, tried from years of fights, about to loose Russia as a ally ✤ Russia ✤ A “hot mess” ✤ Food shortages ✤ Citizens living without basic needs ✤ Russian revolution breaks out, causing Russia to withdrawal from eastern front ✤ U.S. “doughboys” change the tied ✤ U.S. soldiers were often referred to as doughboys

3. America in Action - Step 1: Propaganda and enlistment posters - Step 2: Sacrifice - U.S. citizens were asked to sacrifice food (amongst other things); “wheatless Mondays” and “meatless Tuesday” - Step 3: Rid the country of anything German - U.S. got rid of X-ray machines, band listening to Beethoven, Sauerkraut was renamed “LIBERTY CABBAGE”

4. Pershing and U-boats ✤ John J. Pershing ✤ General of AEF ✤ Decides American troops will fight by themselves ✤ African American troop will fill in whole in the French lines ✤ Franklin Delano Roosevelt ✤ Assistant Sectary to the navy ✤ Creates convoys for US Ships

5. America at War ✤ American troops start fighting in June 1918 v Germany ✤ First major win was stopping the Germans at Chateau-Thierry. ✤ Moved on the offensive and have victories at Saint Mihiel, where US took 15,000 German prisoners, and in the Argonne Forest ✤ Argonne Forest battle consisted of US 500,000 troops ✤ Victory for allies means Germany is now faced with an invasion of its own country or must surrender/agree to cease fire ✤ Ottoman Empire is collapsing and Austria-Hungary is dealing with multiple revolutions ✤ Both surrender to the Allies

6. Bell Work ✤ What role did the Russian Revolution play in WWI? Explain fully.

7. Armistice ✤ Germany Fall 1918 ✤ Obviously loosing ✤ Starvation at home ✤ Ask for “armistice” ✤ Agreement to end fighting ✤ Wilson agrees ✤ Germany must leave Belgium and France ✤ German citizens revolt ✤ Kaiser steps down ✤ Germany declares a republic ✤ Accept Wilsons terms

8. Peace Begins ✤ 11-11-11 ✤ Armistice was signed ✤ Germany agrees to leave all land west of the Rhine River ✤ Withdrawal fleet ✤ Surrender huge amounts of Military equipment ✤ WWI is over

9. Bell Work ✤ Explain FDR’s convoy system. Questions to answer; why was it necessary? How did it work?