1. Muscular System

2. Lesson Objectives In today’s lesson you will: Can I understand the effect of diet on my muscular system (B) Do I know that some drugs can enhance my muscles performance? (A)

3. Starter Why is it important that an athlete rests between training sessions? Discuss in groups of four, briefly discuss a 6 week training programme for an athlete of your choice. Think about: How many sessions Specific muscles Resting times Competition times Present to the rest of the class.

4. Long and Short Term Effects In exam, just the muscles.

5. Effects of Exercise Immediate Effects Increased demand for energy Increased carbon dioxide production Increased temperature Waste product (Lactic Acid) is produced Muscle fatigue

6. Effects of Exercise Long term effects Increased strength of ligaments Increased strength of tendons Increased strength of skeletal muscle Increased size of skeletal muscle (Hypertrophy) Increased mitochondria (site of aerobic respiration) Increased Myoglobin (oxygen store)

7. Types of Muscle Fibres Slow Twitch Fibres: Contract slowly without much force. Suited to endurance activities E.g? Fast Twitch Fibres: Contract faster than slow twitch fibres with much more force. Suited to activities that needs strength and power E.g?

8. Key Words Myoglobin: Myoglobin is a protein found mainly in muscle tissue where it serves as an storage site for oxygen. During periods of oxygen deprivation oxymyoglobin releases its bound oxygen Mitochondria: Mitochondria provide the energy a cell needs to move, divide, produce products, contract - in short, they are the power centres of the cell

9. Diet Proper nutrition is also another important part of the recovery process Energy stores need to be replenished with carbohydrates and fluids Protein in the diet is important for the muscular system to recover Protein helps to repair and rebuild muscles Eat within two hours of stopping exercise

10. Drugs The best way to build and repair muscles is through safe and effective training methods combined by a balanced diet Supplements are not necessary if the athlete eats a proper balanced diet However some athletes do take supplements such as protein pills

11. Performance Enhancing Drugs Some athletes use banned substances called performance enhancing drugs Anabolic steroids are the most common form of these They are used to build size and strength of the muscles quickly and speed up the recovery and injury process Athletes who use these can train harder and more often This gives them an unfair advantage which is why they are banned Seriously damage your health!

12. Questions 1. What food group aid growth and repair of tissues? (1 mark) 2. Why are anabolic steroids banned? (1 mark) 3. What could the consequences be if an athlete were to take steroids? (2 marks) 4. What types of food contain protein? (2 marks) 5. Write down 5 ways in which increased muscles strength would benefit you in your daily life. (5 marks)

13. Plenary Recap info from other lessons.

14. Homework Revise For Exam Everything that we have learnt in last 4 lessons – you need to know! Muscle names Antagonistic muscles Contractions Short and long term effects of exercise Diet Drugs