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What is Enlightenment? History 104 / February 6, 2013
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François Marie Arouet (1694-1778) a.k.a. Voltaire
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Disseminating knowledge: Voltaire Voltaire, Elements of the Philosophy of Newton (Amsterdam, 1738)
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Disseminating knowledge: the Encyclopédia Denis Diderot (1713-1784)
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First volume of the Encyclopédia (1751) “Encyclopedia, or reasoned dictionary of the sciences, arts, and methods” “By a society of people of letters”
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39 volumes of the original Encyclopédia – available from online booksellers!
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Examples of technical drawings from the Encyclopédia
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Baron de Montesqueiu (1689-1785) Persian Letters (1721) The Spirit of the Laws (1748)
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Adam Smith (1723-1790) The Wealth of Nations (1776)
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Jean-Marie de Condorcet The Progress of the Human Mind (early 1790s)
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
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Rousseau, Émile or On Education (Amsterdam, 1762) - the “noble savage”
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Rousseau, The Social Contract (Amsterdam, 1762)
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Voltaire, Candide (1759) Essay on Tolerance (1763)
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G. F. Lessing (1729-1781) Nathan the Wise (1779)
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The Baron d’Holbach The System of Nature (1780)
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Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) The Critique of Pure Reason (1781)
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Initiation into a Masonic Lodge
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Masonic symbols
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Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797) A Vindication of the Rights of Women (1791)
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The Methodist revival: George Whitefield & John Wesley
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Moses Mendelssohn (1729-1786)
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