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Slide # 1 Cognition and Learning. Slide # 2 Phobias and Conditioning Phobias are irrational fears of specific objects, animals, or situations People acquire.

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Presentation on theme: "Slide # 1 Cognition and Learning. Slide # 2 Phobias and Conditioning Phobias are irrational fears of specific objects, animals, or situations People acquire."— Presentation transcript:

1 Slide # 1 Cognition and Learning

2 Slide # 2 Phobias and Conditioning Phobias are irrational fears of specific objects, animals, or situations People acquire phobias through conditioning

3 Slide # 3 Classical Conditioning A learning procedure in which subjects make associations between a natural stimulus and a neutral stimulus Ivan Pavlov Tuning fork/salivation

4 Slide # 4 The Experiment A neutral stimulus can replace a natural stimulus if it’s presented just before that stimulus Food = unconditioned stimulus (US) Salivation = unconditioned response (UR)

5 Slide # 5 Other Terms Conditioned stimulus (CS) = tuning fork Salivation = conditioned response (CR) Conditioned responses are learned, not natural or reflexive

6 Slide # 6 Classical Conditioning

7 Slide # 7

8 Slide # 8

9 Slide # 9

10 Slide # 10 Principles of Classical Conditioning Acquisition of a conditioned response occurs gradually Timing is very important The intensity of the US

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