1. OSHA Office of Training and Education 1 Personal Protective Equipment

2. OSHA Office of Training and Education 2 Protecting Employees from Workplace Hazards Employers must protect employees from hazards such as falling objects, harmful substances, and noise exposures that can cause injury Employers must:  Use all feasible engineering and work practice controls to eliminate and reduce hazards  Use personal protective equipment (PPE) if the controls don’t eliminate the hazards. PPE is the last level of control!

3. OSHA Office of Training and Education 3 Engineering Controls If... The work environment can be physically changed to prevent employee exposure to the potential hazard, Then... The hazard can be eliminated with an engineering control

4. OSHA Office of Training and Education 4 Engineering Controls Initial design specifications Substitute less harmful material Change process Enclose process Isolate process Examples...

5. OSHA Office of Training and Education 5 Work Practice Controls If... Employees can change the way they do their jobs and the exposure to the potential hazard is removed, Then... The hazard can be eliminated with a work practice control

6. OSHA Office of Training and Education 6 Work Practice Controls -- Examples

7. OSHA Office of Training and Education 7Responsibilities Employer  Assess workplace for hazards  Provide PPE  Determine when to use  Provide PPE training for employees and instruction in proper use  If employee provides own equipment ensure meets all requirements Employee  Use PPE in accordance with training received and other instructions  Inspect daily and maintain in a clean and reliable condition

8. OSHA Office of Training and Education 8 Examples of PPE Eyesafety glasses, goggles Faceface shields Headhard hats Feetsafety shoes Hands and armsgloves Bodiesvests Hearingearplugs, earmuffs Lungsdust masks Body PartProtection

9. OSHA Office of Training and Education 9 PPE Program Includes procedures for selecting, providing and using PPE First -- assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, which necessitate the use of PPE After selecting PPE, provide training to employees who are required to use it

10. OSHA Office of Training and Education 10 Training Why it is necessary How it will protect them What are its limitations When and how to wear How to identify signs of wear How to clean and disinfect What is its useful life and how is it disposed If employees are required to use PPE, train them:

11. OSHA Office of Training and Education 11 Head Protection

12. OSHA Office of Training and Education 12 Causes of Head Injuries Falling objects such as tools Bumping head against objects, such as pipes or beams Contact with exposed electrical wiring or components

13. OSHA Office of Training and Education 13 Selecting the Right Hard Hat Class A General service (building construction, shipbuilding, lumbering) Good impact protection but limited voltage protection Class B Electrical / Utility work Protects against falling objects and high-voltage shock and burns Class C Designed for comfort, offers limited protection Protects against bumps from fixed objects, but does not protect against falling objects or electrical shock

14. OSHA Office of Training and Education 14 Replace Hard Hat when: It has been damaged When it has been altered Shows signs of exposure to heat, chemicals, or ultraviolet light. Per manufacturer’s recommendations Replace the suspension system if it shows signs of deterioration or no longer holds the shell away from the employee’s head.

15. OSHA Office of Training and Education 15 Eye Protection

16. OSHA Office of Training and Education 16 When must Eye Protection be Provided? When any of these hazards are present: Dust and other flying particles, such as metal shavings or sawdust Corrosive gases, vapors, and liquids Using any power tool with an abrasive wheel or grinding wheel Potentially infectious materials such as blood or hazardous liquid chemicals that may splash Intense light from welding and lasers

17. OSHA Office of Training and Education 17 Eye Protection Criteria for Selection Protects against specific hazard(s) Comfortable to wear Does not restrict vision or movement Durable and easy to clean and disinfect Does not interfere with the function of other required PPE

18. OSHA Office of Training and Education 18 Eye Protection for Employees Who Wear Eyeglasses Ordinary glasses do not provide the required protection Proper choices include: Prescription glasses with side shields and protective lenses Goggles that fit comfortably over corrective glasses without disturbing the glasses Goggles that incorporate corrective lenses mounted behind protective lenses

19. OSHA Office of Training and Education 19 Safety Glasses Made with metal/plastic safety frames Most operations require side shields Used for moderate impact from particles produced by jobs such as carpentry, woodworking, grinding, and scaling

20. OSHA Office of Training and Education 20 Goggles Protects eyes and area around the eyes from impact, dust, and splashes Some goggles fit over corrective lenses

21. OSHA Office of Training and Education 21 Laser (Welding) Safety Goggles Protects eyes from intense concentrations of light produced by lasers

22. OSHA Office of Training and Education 22 Face Shields Full face protection Protects face from dusts and splashes or sprays of hazardous liquids Does not protect from impact hazards Wear safety glasses or goggles underneath

23. OSHA Office of Training and Education 23 Welding Shields Protects eyes against burns from radiant light Protects face and eyes from flying sparks, metal spatter, & slag chips produced during welding, brazing, soldering, and cutting

24. OSHA Office of Training and Education 24 Hearing Protection

25. OSHA Office of Training and Education 25 Hearing Protection When it’s not feasible to reduce the noise or its duration – use ear protective devices Ear protective devices must be fitted Plain cotton earplugs are NOT acceptable

26. OSHA Office of Training and Education 26 When Must Hearing Protection be Provided? After implementing engineering and work practice controls When an employee’s noise exposure exceeds an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) sound level of 90 dBA

27. OSHA Office of Training and Education 27 EarmuffsEarplugsCanal Caps Examples of Hearing Protectors

28. OSHA Office of Training and Education 28 Foot Protection

29. OSHA Office of Training and Education 29 When Must Foot Protection be Provided? When any of these are present: Heavy objects such as barrels or tools that might roll onto or fall on employees’ feet Sharp objects such as nails or spikes that might pierce ordinary shoes Molten metal that might splash on feet Hot or wet surfaces Slippery surfaces

30. OSHA Office of Training and Education 30 Safety Shoes Impact-resistant toes and heat-resistant soles protect against hot surfaces common in roofing and paving Some have metal insoles to protect against puncture wounds May be electrically conductive for use in explosive atmospheres, or nonconductive to protect from workplace electrical hazards

31. OSHA Office of Training and Education 31 Hand Protection

32. OSHA Office of Training and Education 32 When Must Hand Protection be Provided? Burns Bruises Abrasions Cuts Punctures Fractures Amputations Chemical Exposures When any of these are present:

33. OSHA Office of Training and Education 33 What Kinds of Protective Gloves are Available? Durable gloves made of metal mesh, leather, or canvas  Protects from cuts, burns, heat Fabric and coated fabric gloves  Protects from dirt and abrasion Chemical and liquid resistant gloves  Protects from burns, irritation, and dermatitis Rubber gloves  Protects from cuts, lacerations, and abrasions

34. OSHA Office of Training and Education 34 Butyl provides the highest permeation resistance to gas or water vapors Types of Rubber Gloves Nitrile protects against solvents, harsh chemicals, fats and petroleum products and also provides excellent resistance to cuts and abrasions.

35. OSHA Office of Training and Education 35 Kevlar protects against cuts, slashes, and abrasion Stainless steel mesh protects against cuts and lacerations Other Types of Gloves

36. OSHA Office of Training and Education 36 Respiratory Protection Auld & White Respiratory Policy Hazard Identification Identify the construction activity that could generate dust containing silica or other particulates. Superintendents and/or their designees are responsible for identifying silica dust and other exposure hazards.

37. OSHA Office of Training and Education 37 AWC Respiratory Policy cont. Controls AWC will use either engineering controls and/or administrative controls whenever possible to control silica dust exposure to employees. Superintendents and/or their designees are responsible for determining the type of control to be used during construction. No AWC employee is permitted to work in any area where controls have not been implemented.

38. OSHA Office of Training and Education 38 Respiratory Personal Protective Equipment Personal protective equipment, such as NIOSH/MSHA approved N-95 particulate respirators (dust masks) will only be used as a last resort if using controls is not possible. The use of N-95 dust masks by AWC employees is strictly voluntary and will be made available to employees upon request. All AWC employees who use N-95 dust masks voluntarily must sign an acknowledgement that includes Appendix D 1910.134 (Information for Employees Using Respirators When not required Under Standard). Respiratory protection requiring other than type N-95 particulate mask, must be approved and reviewed by AWC Safety Administrator and/or Safety Consultant.

39. OSHA Office of Training and Education 39 Body Protection

40. OSHA Office of Training and Education 40 Major Causes of Body Injuries Intense heat Splashes of hot metals and other hot liquids Impacts from tools, machinery, and materials Cuts Hazardous chemicals – consult MSDS for required PPE Radiation

41. OSHA Office of Training and Education 41 Body Protection Criteria for Selection Provide protective clothing for parts of the body exposed to possible injury Types of body protection:  Vests  Aprons  Jackets  Coveralls  Full body suits Coveralls

42. OSHA Office of Training and Education 42 Cooling Vest Sleeves and Apron Body Protection Full Body Suit

43. OSHA Office of Training and Education 43 Auld & White required PPE Auld & White PPE policy requires that employees have the following items with them at all times:  Safety Glasses  Gloves  Hard Hats - Hard Hats will be worn at all times on the jobsite unless directed otherwise by the superintendent

44. OSHA Office of Training and Education 44 Auld & White Policy Everyone on the jobsite is responsible for safety – if you see something wrong correct it or report it Report all accidents to your supervisor immediately or as soon as possible no matter how minor To be certified competent by AWC standards you must pass the AWC Competent Person test

45. OSHA Office of Training and Education 45 Summary Assess the workplace for hazards Use engineering and work practice controls to eliminate or reduce hazards before using PPE Select appropriate PPE to protect employees from hazards that cannot be eliminated – Consult MSDS book for appropriate PPE Inform employees why the PPE is necessary, how and when it must be worn Train employees how to use and care for their PPE, including how to recognize deterioration and failure Require employees to wear selected PPE Employers must implement a PPE program where they: