1. Lect-8 Research Methods Learning objectives: Rules of quotation Format of research paper Learning objectives: Rules of quotation Format of research paper

2. Rules of quotation Quotation are effective when used selectively.ques. Quote only words, phrases, lines, and phrases that are interesting.

3. How to have accuracy of a quotation Two points

4. Accuracy of quotations -Quotations must reproduce the original sources. -changes must not be made in spelling, capitalization,or interior punctuation of the source. -Quotations must reproduce the original sources. -changes must not be made in spelling, capitalization,or interior punctuation of the source.

5. -you must construct a clear grammatically correct sentence that allows you introduce or incorporate a quotation with complete accuracy.

6. Prose: two points: A.less than four lines B.more than four lines A.less than four lines B.more than four lines

7. If a prose quotation runs to less than four lines: -a.incorporate it within the text with quotation marks. “it was the best of times, it was the worst of times” wrote Charles Dickens the eighteen century. -a.incorporate it within the text with quotation marks. “it was the best of times, it was the worst of times” wrote Charles Dickens the eighteen century.

8. -b.you need not always reproduce complete sentences. Sometimes you need to quote just a word or a phrase. For example, For Charles Dickens the eighteen century was both “the best of times’’ and “the worst of times” -b.you need not always reproduce complete sentences. Sometimes you need to quote just a word or a phrase. For example, For Charles Dickens the eighteen century was both “the best of times’’ and “the worst of times”

9. -c. you may put a quotation at the beginning,middle or end of your sentence.

10. Activity How do you quote two lines of a prose?

11. Follow the following rules b. more than 4 lines: 1.Set the quotation off the text in a new line. 2.indent one inch from the left margin. b. more than 4 lines: 1.Set the quotation off the text in a new line. 2.indent one inch from the left margin.

12. introduce the quotation. 3.type double-spaced. 4.without a quotation marks. 5.Add a colon 6.Add a parenthetical reference at the end.(34). introduce the quotation. 3.type double-spaced. 4.without a quotation marks. 5.Add a colon 6.Add a parenthetical reference at the end.(34).

13. Activity 2 How do you quote 5 lines of a prose?

14. More than four lines Example on page 94 -One paragraph -More than one paragraph Example on page 94 -One paragraph -More than one paragraph

15. Poetry 3 and less than 3 lines of verse can be incorporated in the text. Verse quotations of more than three lines should begin on a new line.(follow the same rules of more than four lines prose) 3 and less than 3 lines of verse can be incorporated in the text. Verse quotations of more than three lines should begin on a new line.(follow the same rules of more than four lines prose)

16. Example on page 95

17. Drama If you quote dialogue of two or more characters in a play, -Set the quotation off from your text -Begin each part of the dialogue with the character’s name indented one inch from the left margin and written in capital letters: HAMELT. If you quote dialogue of two or more characters in a play, -Set the quotation off from your text -Begin each part of the dialogue with the character’s name indented one inch from the left margin and written in capital letters: HAMELT.

18. -Follow the name with a period -indent all the subsequent lines in the character speech a n additional quarter inch -Follow the name with a period -indent all the subsequent lines in the character speech a n additional quarter inch

19. Ellipsis Whenever you wish to omit a word, a phrase, a sentence or more from a quoted passage use three periods to indicate your quotation does not completely produce the original.

20. Use three periods wit a space before each and a space after last {... } Ellipsis can be used in the middle, and at the end. Examples on page 96 Use three periods wit a space before each and a space after last {... } Ellipsis can be used in the middle, and at the end. Examples on page 96

21. The Format of the Research Paper Margins Text Formatting Heading and Title Page Numbers Margins Text Formatting Heading and Title Page Numbers

22. Tables &Illustrations Paper &Printing Corrections & Insertions Binding Electronic Submission Tables &Illustrations Paper &Printing Corrections & Insertions Binding Electronic Submission

23. Margins Leave margins of one inch at the top and bottom, and at both sides of the text. Text Formatting: Choose an easily readable Typeface for example ‘Times New Roman’. Margins Leave margins of one inch at the top and bottom, and at both sides of the text. Text Formatting: Choose an easily readable Typeface for example ‘Times New Roman’.

24. Heading and Title Heading and Title Begin one inch from the top