1. This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 2 Financing Education Adequately

2. Societal Impact on Educational Needs Education is “big business” in U.S. Education is a major user of nation’s economic resources Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

3. Education Deserves Higher Priority A National at Risk (April 1983)—caused a serious focus on the nation’s schools Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

4. The Increasing Costs of Education Changing goals and objectives Goals that are more comprehensive and costly Increased accountability Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

5. People Want Better Education 2006 Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup Poll  public wants improvements in public schools  ratings of public schools high  higher ratings given to own community schools  pubic concerns—lack of financial support/funding/money Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

6. Demographic and Social Changes Causes of serious financial problems in public education anticipated  growth and expansion Causes of financial problems not anticipated  high cost programs for disadvantaged, disabled and bilingual students  effective bargaining for higher salaries  cost of new and expensive federal programs for exceptional and bilingual students  cost of implementing desegregation programs  increase in federal dollars related to No Child Left Behind Act Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

7. Effects of Inflation  dollar cost of education rises rapidly  people reduce purchase of goods and services, desire to reduce their tax burden Scarcity and high cost of energy  need for more energy-efficient construction and maintenance procedures Social indicators  fluctuation of the typical family, income of women, and growth rates of households Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

8. The Consequences of Not Educating People Illiteracy: Literacy development is essential for a productive life Unemployment: Closely related to a lack of adequate education Military service incapability: Under-education depletes nation’s defense potential, as well as job performance in military Prison incarceration: Prison populations are largely made up of individuals with little formal education  focus needs to be on equalizing educational opportunities Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

9. Inadequate occupational preparation  education is key to improving quality of life  education is key to improving climate of economic development  education is key to maintaining and improving both the nation’s democracy and its economic competitiveness Dependence on public relief  high positive relationship between inadequate education and need for financial assistance  length of time or duration for welfare dependence—affected by education, race and marital status Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

10. High health costs  correlation between health and education  correlation between educational level of mother and infant mortality rate  correlation of higher educational level and lower mortality rate in men and women Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

11. Society Suffers the Effects of Poor Education The problems of providing adequate and high-quality education are local, statewide and national Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

12. Public Demands Improvement Public demands improvement and increased efficiency in school operations Equality has not yet been attained  dealing with social and racial injustices—costly in terms of dollars and human effort Underinvestment is poor economy  adequate revenue provides possibility of good education—no guarantee  lack of education-serious social consequences A question of priorities  accountability applies to all Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008