1. Evolution Review

2. Sample Question This graph illustrates changes in two different lizard populations over time. Which process MOST LIKELY led to the change in the allele frequency for population B? A.Natural selection acting on a harmful trait B.Natural selection acting on a beneficial trait C.Natural selection acting on a dominant trait D.Natural selection acting on a recessive trait Population B Population A

3. Sample Question A mutation occurs in the genes that code for coat color in caribou. Which change will most likely result from this mutation? A. A change in the selection pressures acting on coat color. B. A change in the coat-color genes of deer predator species C. An increase in coat-color diversity in the population D. An increase in the number of genes for coat color in the population.

4. Sample Question The skeletons of vertebrate forelimbs contain variations of structures that were present in their common ancestor. What has MOST LIKELY cause the variation in forelimbs? A.Changes in muscle structure B.Changes in genetic code C.Changes in vestigial structures D.Changes in artificial selection

5. Misconception: “Evolution is ‘just’ a theory.” Response: Scientific theories are explanations that are based on lines of evidence, enable valid predictions, and have been tested in many ways. In contrast, there is also a popular definition of theory—a “guess” or “hunch.” These conflicting definitions often cause unnecessary confusion about evolution.

6. Evolution by Natural Selection EVOLUTION is the THEORY of how organisms have changed over time. Charles Darwin did NOT make this up! NATURAL SELECTION is the MECHANISM by which Evolution takes place. It does not attempt to explain how life began.

7. Natural Selection

9. Kettlewell – England – Peppered Moths

11. Allelic Frequency

12. Speciation

13. Founder Effect/Bottleneck

14. Geographic Isolation

15. Habitat Isolation - Lizards

16. Mechanical Isolation

18. Behavioral Isolation

19. Temporal Isolation

20. Reproductive Isolation

21. Types of Evolution

22. Convergent Evolution

23. Divergent Evolution

24. Artificial Selection

25. Coevolution

26. Fossils

27. Biogeography

28. Chapter 15 Section 2 Evidence of Evolution Hemoglobin Comparison Biochemical

29. Chapter 17 Similarities in Amino Acid Sequences Section 2 Systematics Biochemical

30. Universal Genetic Code

31. Homologous Structures Forelimbs of vertebrates

32. Analogous Structures

33. Vestigial Structures

34. Evidence of Whale Evolution Section 2 Evidence of Evolution Chapter 15

35. Embryology