1. Understanding People

2. The Whole Person: Physical Social Psychological Spiritual These parts cannot be separated. Each part relates to and depends on the other.

3. Group Question #1 What is “behavior”? Give 5 examples of behavior. (example: hitting someone if angry).

4. What is “behavior”? The way a person acts Behavior can be affected by physical, social, emotional and cognitive factors. Example: If you are physically tired, you might yawn. Example: If you are feeling angry(emotional) you might hit someone.

5. Group Questions #2 What is a “need”? What are 5 needs that all humans share? (example: air/oxygen)

6. A Need: It is something necessary or desired for maintaining life and mental well- being. What are some needs that all people share?

7. Self-actualization Self-esteem Social Needs Safety and Security Physica l Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 5 basic needs must be met for a person to survive and function.

8. The lower needs are the most important and must be met before the higher level needs. Self- actualization Self- esteem Social Needs Safety and Security Physica l Lower needs Higher needs

9. Physical Needs: Oxygen Food Water Elimination Exercise Rest Touch Sex

10. Safety and Security Needs: Shelter Safety Protection Clothing Help

11. Social Needs (love and belonging): Approval Love Acceptance Affection Family Friends

12. Self-Esteem: Seeing oneself as useful and valuable Respect from others Self-respect Success Possessions Rewards: something you get for doing something good or useful

13. Self-actualization/fulfillment Feeling satisfied with your achievements Independence Personal excellence

14. Human development Everyone experiences changes in these three areas as they get older. 1. physical 2. social/emotional 3. cognitive

15. 8 Stages of Human Development 1. Infancy (birth to 1 year) 2. Toddler (1-3 years) 3. Preschool (3-5 years) 4. School Age (5-12 years) 5. Adolescence (12-20 years) 6. Young adult (20-45 years) 7. Middle adult (45-65 years) 8. Older adult (65 and older)

16. Changes in Older Adults (65 and older) Physical : – May experience more chronic illness, such as hypertension. –Decreased vision –Decreased strength and balance; increased risk of falling

17. Changes in Older Adults Social/Emotional –May experience old age as positive and feel increased energy and creativity. –May have lower self-esteem because of loss of loved ones, loss of work roles, and physical abilities.

18. Changes in Older Adults Cognitive: –May experience some memory loss –Generally maintains (keeps) mental abilities but may make decisions more slowly.

19. Group Question #4 Can you give examples of changes adolescents (ages 12-20) go through? Physical Social/Emotional Cognitive

20. How do human needs affect behavior? Example: How might a resident behave if his/her social needs are not being met? A resident may ask to be brought to the activity room so he/she can interact with other people and not feel so lonely.

21. Culture and Religion Affects behavior during illness Affects communication Affects their hygiene habits, clothing, and food choices An individual person might not follow ALL practices of his/her culture and religion.

22. Group Question #5 Give examples of how not ALL persons follow ALL practices of their culture or religion.