3. › Accounts for more than one- third of all U.S. deaths. › More than 1 of 3 U.S. adults currently lives with one or more types of CVD. (CDC, 2011)

4. Oregon.gov, 2010

5.  Chest pain  Shortness of breath  Tachycardia / bradycardia  Cardiac palpitations

6.  Atrial fibrillation › Irregular atrial rhythm  Arrhythmia › Irregular heart beat  http://www.bing.com/video s/search?q=doctors+dance +to+arrhythmias&FORM=HDR SC3#view=detail&mid=00FC 8DBEA584D34792DB00FC8DB EA584D34792DB http://www.bing.com/video s/search?q=doctors+dance +to+arrhythmias&FORM=HDR SC3#view=detail&mid=00FC 8DBEA584D34792DB00FC8DB EA584D34792DB  Valve problems › Stenosis › Incomplete closure › Prolapse › Congestive heart failure (CHF) › Myocardial Infarct › Cardiac arrest

8. The Weight of the Nation, Consequences

9.  Modifiable › High blood pressure › Smoking › Cholesterol › Diabetes › Sedentary lifestyle  Non-modifiable › Age › Sex › Family history

10. http://www.mayoclinic.com/images/image_popup/ww5r 236.jpg

11.  Hypertension: arteries are narrowed, causes heart to pump harder which creates more force against the artery walls.  “Silent” disease › May cause damage to every organ › Damage is irreversible

12.  Primary (essential): › 90% of all cases › Cause is unknown – probably genetics and environment.  Secondary › 10% of cases › Cause is due to medications or other diseases.  Approx. 1/3 of Americans have hypertension. › Risk increases with age.

13.  AKA: Heart attack  Occurs when heart does not get enough oxygen  Treatment  How does it differ from cardiac arrest?

14.  Chest discomfort  Discomfort in arms, neck, jaw, stomach  Short of breath  Cold sweat  Nausea, vomiting  Lightheadedness, dizziness  Differences between men and women  http://www.ted.com/talks/noel_bairey_merz_the_single_biggest_health_threat_women_face http://www.ted.com/talks/noel_bairey_merz_the_single_biggest_health_threat_women_face

15. Source: http://www.strokesurvivors.ca/new/images/stroke_diagram.gif

16.  ~700,000 Americans suffer a stroke every year. 1/3 will die.  Strokes may cause permanent damage › Paralysis, speech impairment, memory loss, behavior changes.

17. Oregon,gov, 2010

18.  Sudden numbness/weakness of face, arm, leg – especially on one side.  Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding.  Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes.  Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance/coordination  Sudden severe headache with no known cause.  3 statement test › “Give me a smile”, “Hold out your arms”, “Say this for me”

19.  TIA – “ministroke” › Temporary stroke like symptoms › Brief, usually only last a few minutes › No permanent damage occurs › Can be a precursor to a stroke.

20.  Lifestyle modifications….