1. Future Directions in 3GPP2 Presenter: Workshop on IMT-Advanced October 7, 2008 Seoul, Korea

2. Oct 2008 1 Contents 3 rd Generation Partnership Project 2 3GPP2 Future Directions Preparatory work on IMT-Advanced

3. Oct 2008 2 3GPP2 The Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) is the Partnership Project for Global cdma2000 ® Specifications including: –cdma2000 air interface specifications –MAP (Mobile Application Part) core network specifications –Wireless IP network specifications –All IP multimedia domain specifications –RAN specifications –Other ancillary specifications cdma2000 ® is the trademark for the technical nomenclature for certain specifications and standards of the Organizational Partners (OPs) of 3GPP2. Geographically (and as of the date of publication), cdma2000 ® is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA-USA) in the United States.

4. Oct 2008 3 3GPP2 Organizational Partners (OPs) ARIBAssociation of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan) CCSAChina Communications Standard Association (China) TIATelecommunications Industry Association (USA, Canada, Mexico) TTATelecommunications Technology Association (Korea) TTCTelecommunication Technology Committee (Japan)

5. Oct 2008 4 Other 3GPP2 Partners Market Representation Partners (MRPs) CDMA Development Group IPv6 Forum MobileIGNITE femtoforum Observers ETSI ISACC ITU Individual Members: Approximately 80 companies

6. Oct 2008 5 Air Interface Technical Specifications cdma2000 Rel.0~Rel.D –Support both circuit voice and packet data service simultaneously –Up to 3 Mbps on FL /1.8 Mbps on RL HRPD Rev.0~Rev.B –Optimized for packet data service –Up to 4.9 Mbps x N on FL / 1.8 Mbps x N on RL (N<16) UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) –New air interface (OFDM, Advanced Antenna, VoIP, etc.) –Up to 288 Mbps on FL / 75 Mbps on RL –Supported by a scalable IP based network architecture based Converged Access Network

7. Oct 2008 6 3GPP2’s Future Directions

8. Oct 2008 7 3GPP2 Workshop: Future Direction A workshop was held in Osaka, May 2008, soliciting inputs on the future direction of 3GPP2 Individual companies and TSG/MRP representatives participated in the workshop Objectives –Identify the future activities of 3GPP2; including enhancing current systems –Discuss how 3GPP2 will address and work on IMT- Advanced

9. Oct 2008 8 Operator’s view for next generation system (1) CDMA and OFDM are complementary technologies OFDM-based solutions will be built-out over time as demand grows and spectrum becomes available. 3G CDMA WAN networks will coexist with OFDM-based solutions until next generation broadband networks are fully capable of delivering: –Ubiquitous coverage –Carrier-grade VoIP –Low-complexity devices –Long device battery life –Infrastructure complexity commensurate with benefits –Global roaming

10. Oct 2008 9 Operator’s view for next generation system (2) Graceful evolutionary change is preferred over disruptive revolutionary change Migration to newer technologies takes longer and is never as simple as it may seem. Affordable multi-mode devices are essential to the roll-out of any new technology — to build an early critical mass of profitable subscribers Enormous economies of scale are essential for any operator to be competitive Critical mass can only be achieved with a common global standard and set of deployment parameters Compatibility and interoperability across multiple industries require efficient standard-setting bodies, network maturity, and business predictability

11. Oct 2008 10 Common Views cdma2000 and HRPD enhancements were indicated to be high priority Voice capacity increase for cdma2000 Multi-Antenna, VoIP enhancements, Location based service, Priority services enhancements added on cdma2000 HRPD Many other areas mentioned with interest, for example: self organizing network, relays/mesh network, common IMS on one or more of the 3GPP2 air-interfaces Inter-working and femto cells also indicated to be high priorities –Inter-working with non-3GPP2 system is on-going in 3GPP2 and targeted for completion by EOY 2008 –Femto architecture definition underway in the core network specifications group

12. Oct 2008 11 Ongoing work pertaining to IMT- Advanced

13. Oct 2008 12 Summary of 3GPP2’s Work for IMT-Advanced 3GPP2 created Next-generation Technology Ad-hoc (NTAH) to prepare for IMT-Advanced in July, 2007 NTAH Activities –Component technology proposals provided by member companies for next generation were discussed and evaluated –Also, contributions toward IMT-Advanced requirements and evaluation methodology input document have been developed and provided to the ITU Steering Committee initiated workshop for IMT-Advanced and future work in 3GPP2

14. Oct 2008 13 Next Generation Technology Proposals in NTAH Advanced MIMO techniques –Network MIMO –Collision avoidance beamforming –OSTMA (Opportunistic spatial time multiple access) Self configurable BTS –Dynamic interference management Multi-hop networking –Cooperative transmit diversity and spatial multiplexing –Self configurable relay removing need for backhaul PAPR Reduction –Subcarrier remapping and group-based cyclic delay Modulation and coding –Enhanced layered modulation and precoded OFDM

15. Oct 2008 14 Possible paths to IMT-Advanced 3GPP2 has considered various paths to IMT-Advanced –Migration of existing technologies cdma2000, HRPD, or UMB Component IMT-Advanced technologies can be discussed separately and be developed on top of any framework technology

16. Oct 2008 15 Next Steps for IMT-Advanced Further discussion will be needed for –Achieving general consensus on which system to base the IMT-Advanced system on cdma2000 enhancement HRPD enhancement UMB enhancement Other or new technology framework Steering Committee is in the process of deciding 3GPP2 role in developing standards targeted to IMT-Advanced

17. Oct 2008 16 Annex: Proposed next generation technologies

18. Oct 2008 17 Network MIMO Network MIMO concept –Co-channel interference mitigation through coordinated Tx/Rx at several base stations –Beam-forming across base stations helps suppress interference (can combine with DPC/SIC). In theory, 2-4x gain in spectral efficiency appears possible –Depending on SNR, extent of coordination, ratio of users to base station antennas, etc. Many practical issues to be dealt with before promised gains can be realized UplinkDownlink

19. Oct 2008 18 Collision Avoidance Beamforming (CA-BF) –beams of neighboring cells are carefully scheduled in coordination to minimize beam collision decreasing intercell interference –Precoders for beamforming are selected based on the AT’s feedback that counts the links to neighboring cells as well as the link to serving cells Over 20% forward link system throughput enhancement with the cost of a few more bits of reverse link feedback overheads CA-BF effectively increases cell edge user throughput without costing system throughput unlike FFR

20. Oct 2008 19 Opportunistic Spatial Time Multiple Access (OSTMA) OSTMA is a flexible and efficient space-time division multiple access scheme –Improved user performance by the flexible beam scheduling and power management –A self-contained backhaul network is enabled via the additional antenna panel Comparing to the current beamforming systems –Unlike adaptive beamforming, OSTMA requires no mobility tracking –Unlike fixed beamforming, OSTMA improves the system performance via the advanced radio resource management

21. Oct 2008 20 Cooperative Communications Through Relays Cooperative diversity transmission can increase the reliability of the reception Link throughput can be increased through cooperative spatial multiplexing Cooperative diversity transmission can be combined with cooperative spatial multiplexing in unified manner –Trade-off gains: diversity vs. spatial multiplexing –E.g. More diversity gain in the morning and more spatial multiplexing in the evening Cooperative transmission between relay and mobile station can further increase the spectral efficiency

22. Oct 2008 21 Network Coding with Relays Instead of relay station (RS) sending packets to base station (BS) and mobile station (MS) separately, it broadcasts a network-coded (NC) packet to both BS & MS in NC frames Reduction in RS bandwidth consumption is up to 50% BS uses its previously transmitted packet in forward link (FL) frames, and the packet in NC frames to recover the reverse link (RL) packet from MS MS uses its or neighbor’s previously transmitted packet in RL frames, and the packet in NC frames to recover the FL packet from BS Cooperative relay with network coding –Cooperative relay gains with reduced RS bandwidth consumption

23. Oct 2008 22 Precoded OFDM for BCMCS Enhancements on existing BCMCS are proposed –Strictly Backward Compatible (SBC) Mode OFDM overlayed by Precoded OFDM (P-OFDM) –Base layer is OFDM-modulated as in existing BCMCS –Enhancement layer is P-OFDM-modulated, where the symbols are precoded with a spreading matrix, such as Walsh-Hadamard matrix, before OFDM –Loosely Backward Compatible (LBC) Mode Layered modulation + P-OFDM –Loosely Backward Compatible (LBC) Mode (Cont’d) Quasi-Orthogonal OFDM

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