1. Egypt Block I Essential Guided Reading Questions For Chapter 5 Lesson 4

2.  How did Nubia and Egypt influence each other?  Why did Kerma become an important center for trade?  Why did the kingdom of Kush prosper?  How did the use of iron affect Kush? Chapter 5 Lesson 4 p. 128-133

3.  How did Nubia and Egypt influence each other? - Nubia adopted many Egyptian beliefs and cultures - Nubians adopted hieroglyphics to fit their own language and created an alphabet -learned from Egyptians how to make copper, bronze and other tools -Egyptians acquired cattle, gold, incense, giraffes, ivory and leopards from Nubia -Nubians traded for grains and beans -Nubian culture had the same gods as Egyptians and also worshipped their own as well. -Egyptians finally conquered Nubia

4.  Why did Kerma become an important center for trade?  Central location – in-between Egypt and Nubia – easy to get to  Lots of resources like gold, cattle etc. and merchandise that was needed by others  They had yearly, predictable rainfall so lots of crops to use for trading  Fertile soil  Wealthy from mining gold  Artisans produced jewelry and pottery

5.  Why did the kingdom of Kush prosper?  Middle kingdom grew weak and Kushites were able to conquer them  Kush challenged Egypt because of Egypt’s weakness  Great trading in Kush  Ruled by powerful kings  Nubians formed an independent kingdom of Kush  Took over many small cities and made into a larger and stronger kingdom  Wealth came from successful trading

6.  How did the use of iron affect Kush?  Assyrians defeated Kushites with powerful iron weapons  Kushites learned how to make iron weapons from them  Kushites made more tools for farming and boosted military strength  More crops meant more trading for what they needed.