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Day 5 Commas 4
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I.To Set Off Dialogue Set off exact words of a speaker from the rest of the sentence. Examples: The firefighter said, “When we cannot successfully put out a fire, we try to keep it from spreading.” When we cannot successfully put out a fire, we try to keep it from spreading,” the firefighter said. Do not use a comma or quotation marks to set off indirect quotations. The words if and that often signal dialogue that is being reported rather than quoted.
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J.In Direct Address Use commas to separate a noun of direct address from the rest of the sentence. (A noun of direct address is a noun that names a person spoken to in the sentence.) Examples: Hayden, did you know that an interior decorator can change wallpaper and fabrics on a computer screen? Sure, Jack, and an architect can use a computer o see how light will fall in different parts of a building.
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K.To Set Off Interjections Use commas to separate interjections and weak exclamation from the rest of the sentence. Examples: No kidding, you mean that one has to manage a class of 42 pupils? (weak exclamation) Uh-huh, and that teacher has other classes that size. (interjections)
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L.To Set Off Explanatory Phrases Use commas to separate extra added information to explain something within a sentence. Examples: English, the language computers speak worldwide, is also the most widely used language in science and medicine. More than 750 million people, about an eighth of the world’s population, speak English as a foreign language.
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Homework: Please complete worksheets pages 11 to 14. Homework is due next class meeting. 20 points
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Day 6 Commas 5
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M.To Separate Introductory Clauses and Phrases Use a comma to separate an adverb clause or a long phrase from the independent clause that follow it. Examples: If every automobile in the country were a light shade of red, we’d live in a pink-car nation. (adverb clause) According to some experts, solar-powered cars will soon be common. (long modifying phrase)
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N.In Compound Sentences Use a comma between two independent clauses that are joined by a coordinating conjunction (such as and, but, or, nor, for, so, and yet – FANBOYS) forming a compound sentence. An independent clause expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. Examples: Many students enjoy working on computers, so teachers are finding new ways to use them in the classroom. Computers can be valuable in education, but many schools cannot afford enough of them.
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Avoid Comma Spices: A comma splice results when two independent clauses are “spliced: together with only a comma- and no conjunction. Homework: Please complete worksheets pages 15 to 17. Homework is due next class meeting. 10 points
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