1. Bellringer Take out your French Revolution Vocabulary for HW check! If you haven’t already started a Ch. 9 Folder on your computer for your vocab, do so now. Download today’s notes: French Revolution Causes 1 Notes and save them in your Ch. 9 folder. Answer the following question: What is the difference between a revolution and a war?

2. It Matters Because

3. The Big Idea Social inequality and economic problems contributed to the French Revolution. The Third Estate, the vast majority of the French people, was heavily taxed and discontented. The Third Estate claimed the right to have its votes count as much as those of the First and Second Estates. The National Assembly affirmed the “rights of man” and set up a limited monarchy in the Constitution of 1791.

4. Background to the Revolution Since the middle ages, France’s population had been divided into three groups, or ________. The first estate was the _____ (church leaders) which had only 130,000 members out of a total population of 27 million…yet they owned 10% of the nation’s land. Made up of both aristocrats and commoners. The second estate was the _____, 350,000 members who owned 25-30% of the land. The 2 nd estate played a key role in society, as members held high positions in government, the military, and in the law courts

5. Background to the Revolution While the first two estates controlled most of the wealth of the country and owned most of the land, no one in the two groups had to pay the _____, France’s chief tax. The 3 rd estate was ________from the lowest peasant to the wealthiest merchant Truly divided by occupation, education, and wealth. Peasants made up 75-80% of the 3 rd estate but owned only 35- 40% of the land. Small group of skilled craftspeople, shopkeepers, workers in the towns. Middle class members, the ________, owned the rest of the land, while some poor peasants had no land to live on.

6. The 3 rd Estate ________ had to pay fees to the nobles, just to be able to work on their land, and they were required by law to work the land of the nobles. Other members of the 3 rd estate were craftsman, shopkeepers, and workers, all of whom struggled to survive Had decreased buying power as the price of good rose faster than wages The bourgeoisie, or ________, consisted of merchants, bankers, industrialists, and professionals like doctors, lawyers, public officials, and writers. The bourgeoisie had it better than the rest of the middle class, owning more land and holding more _______.

8. Bourgeoisie Conflict The middle class was upset because the nobles had so many privileges. Didn’t want to abolish the ________, just wanted to better their own position. They did however, have similar goals to the nobles, and because of the influence of Enlightenment thinkers, both groups began to resent the absolute monarchy of ________

9. Crisis While the ________were causing unrest in French society, ________brought it to collapse Bad harvests in 1787 and 1788 and a slowdown in manufacturing led to ______shortages, rising _____ prices, and ________. – “Bread Riots” While the French people were starving, the king and his ministers were spending large sums of money on wars and luxury items. Who is paying for this btw?? _______ The queen Marie Antoinette was especially known for her lavish spending. France’s situation had worsened because they spent so much money helping _______ during the revolution

10. Marie Antoinette & The Palace of Versailles

11. King Louis XVI Response France was on the verge of financial ________. He was forced to call a meeting of the ________– the French Parliament – that hadn’t met since 1614… it’s currently 1789. That’s 175 years………

12. Review! 1. Who made up each of France’s 3 estates? 2. Why might you have been upset if you were a part of the third estate? 3. Who made up the bourgeoisie? 4. French society had many problems, but what ultimately brought its collapse?

13. Homework! Current events due on tomorrow!