1. Global History I: Spiconardi

2.  Byzantine Empire had reached it’s height under Justinian (527- 565)  Empire began a slow and long decline after Justinian’s reign

3.  Constant Invasions  Size of Empire continually decreases  Seljuk Turks  In 1071 Seljuk Turks conquer most of the empire except for the areas immediately surrounding Constantinople

4.  Fourth Crusade (1202-1204)  Christian Crusaders stop in Constantinople on their way to Holy Land  Crusaders Occupy Constantinople for 50 years

5.  Fall of Constantinople (1453)  Major Turning Point in World History ▪ Ottoman Turks sack Constantinople ▪ Rename the city Istanbul ▪ Converted the ancient Christian city into the capital of their Muslim City

7. ▪ European Nations are forced to find new Trade routes to avoid Muslims ▪ Sail around Africa (Vasco da Gama) ▪ Sail West (Columbus)

8.  Kiev  small Viking state on Dnieper River  River provided easy access to sea  promotes trade and cultural diffusion  Lays foundations for modern Russia

9.  Olga, Vladimir, & Conversion to Christianity  Princess Olga visits Constantinople in 957 and converts to Christianity

10.  Vladimir ▪ Olga’s grandson ▪ Decides his realm should adopt an official religion ▪ Commissions a report on the three major religions: Christianity, Judaism, and Islam ▪ Adopts Christianity  Baptizes all citizens of Kiev in the Dnieper River ▪ Imports teachers from the Byzantine Empire

11.  Government  Autocracy ▪ Czar (Tsar)  derived from Caesar  Ah, wacka wacka

12.  Architecture  Onion Dome

13. Eastview Middle School

14.  Language  Cyrillic Alphabet

15.  Religion  Orthodox Christianity