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Published byJeffrey Jacobs Modified over 9 years ago
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Glycerol is one of the building blocks in lipids. It is a 3C alcohol.
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The second structural unit is fatty acids. The all have a carboxylic acid group and a variable R group containing C and H. Unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds (C=C). They have a low melting point and so tend to be liquid at normal temperatures. Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds. They tend to be solid at normal temperatures.
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Triglycerides are formed by condensation reactions between a glycerol and 3 fatty acids. These reactions form ester bonds. Triglycerides are not polymers.
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Phospholipids are structurally different to triglycerides and have different biological functions. They have 2 fatty acid chains attached to glycerol. They have an inorganic phosphate group attached to glycerol in place of the third fatty acid chain.
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