2. Furnaces

3. Today’s Agenda Function of a furnace Furnace operation Fuel Furnace parts Furnace drafts Furnace designs

4. Function of a Furnace Important source of heat Provides heat for process Heat feed stock Other process application

5. How Furnaces Work Fuel and air are mixed Controlled combustion in firebox Released heat transferred through furnace tubes Flue gas exits through stack

6. Types of Fuel Used in Furnaces Natural gas Fuel oil Process oil Process gas Fuel gas

7. Furnace Parts Firebox Stack Burner & pilot Refractory lining Convection tubes

8. Furnace Parts Radiant tubes Draft gauges Furnace purge (steam)

10. Furnace Draft Configurations Natural draft Forced draft Induced draft Balanced draft

11. Furnace Designs Cylindrical Cabin A-Frame

12. Furnace Symbols

13. Furnace Hazards Individual Equipment Production Environment

14. Monitoring and Maintenance Look Listen Touch