2. Organisms and Environments Unit Test

3. 1. List and explain the three categories (structural, behavioral and functional) into which scientists classify adaptations.

4. 2. Selective breeding is the deliberate breeding of plants or animals for desired traits. Compare and contrast natural selection and selective breeding.

5. 3. Which of the following is NOT an example of a trait? a. blue eyes b. blonde hair c. salamander d. tall

6. 4. Which of the following is shown in the diagram? A. reproduction B. differentiation C. competition D. selection

7. 5. What does this sequence illustrate? a. how selective breeding results in an adaptation b. how variation results in an adaptation c. how mimicry results in variation d. how camouflage results in variation

8. 6. Organisms are _____ their parents. a. different from b. the exact same as c. similar to d. not at all similar to

9. 7. Many algal blooms are harmless, but others can disrupt marine ecosystems and harm organisms. How could these algal blooms become harmful? a. They release poisonous substances. b. They provide too much food for other marine creatures. c. They use up the oxygen while decomposing. d. both a and c

10. 8. Which is a cause of human population decrease? a. advances in agriculture b. medical care c. damage from natural disasters d. sewage treatment

11. 9. In the diagram, III is a drawing of which of the following? a. DNA strand b. gene c. cell nucleus d. chromosome

12. 10. In the picture above, which is a producer? a. leaves b. scarlet macaw c. butterfly d. fungus

13. 11. Producers are organisms that get energy from which of the following? a. herbivores b. omnivores c. carnivores d. sunlight

14. 12. Samantha plants some flowers in a flower bed and then ignores them. Soon weeds grow and the flowers die. The weeds had been able to get enough resources to survive, while the flowers had not. This is an example of _____. a. competition b. population size c. habitat d. community

15. 13. What happened from the fourth unit of time to the eighth unit of time in the graph below? a. The population decreased rapidly. b. The population remained the same. c. The population grew rapidly. d. The population increased and then decreased.

16. 14. A monkey using a twig to hunt for ants in an anthill would be considered which type of adaptation? a. structural b. behavioral c. functional d. environmental

17. 15. Camouflage is an example of _____. a. natural selection b. selective breeding c. behavioral adaptation d. physical adaptation

18. 16. Some populations have cooperative relationships. This is where _____. a. members of the same species compete for resources b. members of different species compete for resources c. members of the same species work together for survival d. members of different species work together for survival

19. 17. Which is NOT a behavioral adaptation? a. a plant adaptation to severe temperature by producing seeds that are dormant b. seasonal movement of animals to avoid cold c. whales moving to warmer water to reproduce d. seasonal movement of animals to find food

20. 18. A healthy community could have _____. a. only organisms that were producers b. only organisms that were consumers c. organisms that all had the same niche d. a variety of producers and consumers

21. 19. Which of the following is a behavioral adaptation? a. blue whales migrating to mate and give birth b. tree frogs having long, sticky tongues c. alligators’ eyes being on top of their heads to help them see above the water d. hedgehogs having stiff spines sticking out of their bodies

22. 20. Which of the following is NOT part of Earth’s biosphere? a. Pacific Ocean b. Rocky Mountains c. the Moon d. Cuba

23. 21. Which of the following could be a trait of a pine tree? a. furry b. flat needles c. pink flowers d. red apples

24. 22. Which of the following might an herbivore eat? a. a leaf b. a mouse c. a dead cow d. a and b

25. 23. As carbon dioxide increases, the ocean’s water becomes _____. a. less acidic b. more acidic c. more saline d. both a and c

26. 24. Gases dissolve in seawater at the ocean’s surface. How do they get mixed into water at deeper levels? a. They stay at the surface. b. Waves mix them deeper. c. Gravity pulls them down. d. They are more dense than the water.

27. 25. When do populations increase? a. When birthrates are smaller than deathrates. b. When deathrates are higher than birthrates. c. When birthrates are higher than deathrates. d. When birthrates and deathrates are equal.

28. 26. Which of the following is a behavioral adaptation? a. Horses run as a herd. b. Horses can run quickly to escape predators. c. Horses’ teeth can grind grass. d. Horses’ hooves can withstand the shock of their bodies running.

29. 27. Natural selection occurs when a population stabilizes and the offspring resemble the parents. Which diagram shows the results of this process?

30. 28. If there are no limiting factors, a population can reach its _____. a. competition level b. population potential c. population density d. biotic potential

31. 29. Which of the following might a omnivore eat? a. a leaf b. a mouse c. a dead cow d. a and b

32. 30. What a species does in its habitat to survive is called its _____. a. ecosystem b. community c. niche d. population

33. 31. Carrying capacity refers to the largest _____ an environment can support. a. ecosystem b. community c. population d. habitat

34. 32. What is the difference between a population and a community? a. A population is made up of all species in an area. A community is made up only of one species. b. A population is made up of only one species. A community is made up of all species in an area. c. A population is made up of all the species and nonliving things in an area. A community is made up of all species in an area. d. The words mean the same thing.