1. Hot debate: When a horse gallops, is there ever a moment where all four hooves leave the ground? AD 1872 required new electric shutter technology: Muybridge and Stanford

2. Muybridge’s multi-camera

3. Muybridge’s galloping horse (1878)

4. realistic “crystal” of horses

5. average structure: galloping horse

6. average structure: 1-sigma contour

7. Muybridge’s galloping horse (1878) Real spacereciprocal “Time-resolved” diffraction

8. Muybridge’s galloping horse (1878) Real spacereciprocal Average intensity

9. Muybridge’s galloping horse (1878) Real spacereciprocal Average electron density

10. Muybridge’s galloping horse (1878) Real spacereciprocal Sum(intensity) – Sum(density) = diffuse scatter

11. Muybridge’s galloping horse (1878) Real spacereciprocal F incoh – F coherent with density phases

12. Muybridge’s galloping horse (1878) Real spacereciprocal RMS variation in density

13. Supporting a model with data