1. Terms from Michael Faraday – 1791-1867)  Electrolysis – splitting of compounds by electricity  Electrolyte – compound that conducts electricity when dissolved in water  Electrode – carbon or metal rod used to conduct electricity  Anode – positive electrode  Cathode – negative electrode  Ion – atom or group of atoms with electrical charge  Anion – negatively charged ion  Cation – positively charged ion

2. William Crookes – (1832-1919) – Cathode Ray Tube Joseph John Thomson – 1897 – Showed deflection – negatively charged particles – same regardless of source – found mass/charge ratio – named particles electrons

3. Eugen Goldstein – 1886 – Positive particles also produced – 1837 times as massive as the electrons

4. Robert Millikan – 1909 – Oil Drop Experiment – determined charge on electron

5. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen – 1895 – accidental discovery of x-rays Antoine Henry Becquerel – 1895 – noticed uranium compounds exposed photographic film Marie Sklodowska (later Curie) – named this radioactivity

8. Ernest Rutherford - ~1912 – Basic structure of atom Scattering Simulation

10. Nuclear Building Blocks

11. Science News, p. 5, January 29, 2011

14. Continuous Spectrum (spectrum – singular; spectra – plural)

15. Line Spectra

16. Colored lines represent the four lines in the hydrogen line spectrum

17. Orbitals are regions in space in which there is a high probability of finding an electron

18. Other Orbitals

19. Order of filling of electrons At most: 14 electrons: 10 electrons: 6 electrons: 2 electrons:

20. Helium (He) electron configuration

21. Electron configuration of nitrogen (N)

22. Notice the endings of the elements in the same groups – e.g. H, Li, Na, K

23. From Bing.com

24. Specially named groupings of elements

25. Periodic Table Live