1. Sari Salti Omar Khurma

2. What is a Tundra? A Tundra is a biome characterized by low temperatures and minimal tree growth. The word Tundra usually only refers to areas where the subsoil is permanently frozen i.e. Permafrost. Tundra’s occur far into the Northern Hemisphere, above the tree line e.g. Russia, Canada, Scandinavia, Greenland.

3. Climate Only two main seasons; winter & summer. Winter temperatures average at around -28°C, Summer temperatures average at around 12°C. Tundra’s are extremely windy, with winds blowing at speeds of 50-100 km/h. Precipitation is minimal – 15-25 cm per year.

4. Wildlife Low biodiversity – 1700 species of plants, 48 species of animals. Animals in the Arctic tundra include: Caribou, Musk Ox, Arctic Hare, Arctic Fox, Snowy Owl, Lemmings, and Polar Bears

5. Tundra Food Web

6. Human Impact Scarce human activity in tundra’s. Occasional hunting and animal trapping by local population. Fossil fuels and Ores are often found in tundra’s. Modern technology allows humans to exploit these resources. Mining and road construction put heat and pressure on permafrost, causing it to melt.

7. Vegetation

8. NPP