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A Load-Balanced Guiding Navigation Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks Wen-Tsuen Chen Department of Computer Science National Tsing Hua University Po-Yu Chen Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Cheng-Han Wu Department of Computer Science National Tsing Hua University Chi-Fu Huang Department of Computer Science National Chiao Tung University IEEE GlobeCom 2008
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Outline Introduction The Proposed Distributed Navigation Protocol Simulation Results Conclusions
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Introduction Guiding navigation is one of the major applications in WSNs. Destination Static sensor Moving object
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Introduction - Congestion Destination Static sensor Moving object A Congestion point
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Introduction – Direction Oscillation Problem Destination Static sensor Moving object A B
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Goal The authors propose a distributed load- balanced guiding protocol guide people to a light-load path to avoid congestion and escape quickly solves the direction oscillation problem efficiently
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Assumptions Sensors are assumed to be deployed in 2D environment Each sensor knows its own location Each sensor is aware of its neighbors
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Network initialization phase Destination 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 44 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 88 8 8 9 9 10
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Potential management phase PiPi the real potential of S i aiai the amount people that S i senses na i the amount people sensed by S k, S k α, β, γ constant number
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Potential management phase Raise Packet from Down Packet from
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Potential management phase If | P i – P i ’ |>Threshold and P i > P i ’, S i will broadcast a Raise Packet A : 11 Sensing range a A =5 a A =10 A : 13
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Potential management phase Raise Packet from Case 1 : 10 : 11 A:5A:5 :6:6 :8:8 :3:3 :6:6 :6:6 :6:6
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Potential management phase Raise Packet from Case 2 : 10 : 11 A:5A:5 :3:3 :8:8 :2:2 :4:4 :4:4 :3:3
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Potential management phase Raise Packet from : 10 : 11 A:5A:5 :3:3 :8:8 :2:2 :6:6 | P A – P A ’ |>Threshold and P A > P A ’ ?
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Potential management phase If | P i – P i ’ |>Threshold and P i < P i ’, S i will broadcast a Down Packet A : 11 Sensing range a A =5 aA=2aA=2 A:8A:8
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Potential management phase Down Packet from Case 1 : 10 : 11 A:5A:5 :6:6 :8:8 :4:4 :2:2 | P A – P A ’ |>Threshold and P A < P A ’ ?
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Potential management phase Down Packet from Case 1 : 10 : 11 A:5A:5 : 10 :8:8 :2:2 :6:6 | P A – P A ’ |>Threshold and P A < P A ’ ?
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Potential management phase Down Packet from Case 2 : 10 : 11 A:5A:5 : 10 :8:8 :4:4 :3:3 :4:4 :3:3
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Simulation Results Number of sensor nodes : 10 × 10 Field : 100m × 100m Communication range : 20m
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Simulation Results Simulation environment
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Simulation Results
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Conclusions The proposed load balancing guiding protocol avoids people congestion at some place to delay the time to escape solves the direction oscillation problem efficiently
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Thank You ~
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