1. Bacteria Guided Reading Wicked Awesome PowerPoint Presentation

2. What are prokaryotes? Single celled organisms that DO NOT have membrane bound organelles.

3. 3 Common Bacterial Shapes Sphere Shaped  Coccus Rod Shaped  Bacillus Spiral Shaped  Spirillum

4. 3 Common Bacterial Shapes

5. 2 Domains all Prokaryotes Belong to: Domain Archaea Domain Bacteria

6. Domain Archaea Kingdom Archaebacteria –Mostly found in EXTREME Environments –Salt Lakes / Hot Springs / etc

7. Domain Bacteria Can be found virtually EVERYWHERE!!! 100,000 found on 1 sq in of your skin!

8. Bacterial Structure Genetic Material  DNA Bacterial DNA is a single chromosome clusered in a mass called a nucleoid.

9. Bacterial Structure Plasmids? –Small, circular extra loops of DNA Other non-membrane bound structures? –Ribosomes, enzymes, nutrients

10. Bacterial Structure Outside Cell Membrane? –Rigid cell wall – 1 or 2 layers thick Cell wall made of? –Peptidoglycan Outside cell wall of some? –Additional membrane

11. Up Close: E. coli

12. Identifying Bacteria Techniques Used to ID Bacteria –Gram Staining

13. Gram Positive Thick layer of peptidoglycan / no outer membrane EASIER to Kill!!! Stain PURPLE

14. Gram Negative Thin layer peptidoglycan / outer membrane present HARDER to Kill!!! Stains Pink

15. Gram Negative Membrane Makes them more resistant to host defenses & medicines!

16. Obtaining Energy Photoautrotrophs –Use SUNLIGHT for energy –Purple & Green Sulfur Bacteria –CYANOBACTERIA Chemoautotrophs –Get energy from Inorganic Sources (CHEMICALS) in their environment Heterotrophs –Feed on DEAD organisms –Paratites / Pathogens (Feed on LIVING stuff)

17. Asexual Reproduction Binary Fission –A single cell divides into two identical cells –(MITOSIS)

18. Sexual Reproduction Conjugation –Occurs when two bacteria join to exchange DNA –Connect through Pili

19. Other Methods Transformation –Bacteria pick up DNA fragments from environment Transduction –Genetic material (like a plasmid) is transferred by a virus

20. Endospores Thick walled structures that surround DNA & cytoplasm, protecting bacteria from harsh conditions

21. Vital Role of Bacteria Produce Oxygen Convert Nitrogen to useable form for Plants (matter cycles) DECOMPOSERS!!! Food we eat!

22. Helpful in Industry / Research Produce Chemicals (Acetone) Clean up oil spills / sewage Produce human proteins

23. Causing Disease Producing Toxin –Clostridium botulinum –Botulism toxin causes food poisoning –Used in Botox

24. Causing Disease Destroying Body Tissue Staphylococcus Flesh Eating Bacteria

25. Destroying Body Tissue ANTHRAX CHLAMYDIA GONORRHEA

26. Antibiotics Chemicals that inhibit the growth of or kill microorganisms. Conjugation & Natural Selection spreads antibiotic resistance (MRSA)