1. Chapter Outline Chapter 26 Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Civilization in the West, Seventh Edition by Kishlansky/Geary/O’Brien Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman I. The War Europe Expected II. A New Kind of Warfare III. Adjusting to the Unexpected: Total War IV. The Russian Revolution and Allied Victory V. Settling the Peace

2. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman I. The War Europe Expected A. Separating Friends from Foes Triple Entente France, Britain, Russia Triple Alliance Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy European Alliances, 1914

3. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman I. The War Europe Expected B. Military Timetables The Schlieffen Plan, 1905 Russia’s Mobilization Plan French Plan XVII Alsace-Lorraine C. Assassination at Sarajevo Archduke Franz Ferdinand Gavrilo Princip June 28, 1914 Linguistic Groups in Austria-Hungary

4. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman I. The War Europe Expected B. Military Timetables The Schlieffen Plan, 1905 Russia’s Mobilization Plan France Plan XVII Alsace-Lorraine C. Assassination at Sarajevo Archduke Franz Ferdinand Gavrilo Princip June 28, 1914 The Schlieffen Plan and France’s Plan XVII

5. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman II. A New Kind of Warfare A. Technology and the Trenches Trench warfare 10 million deaths New Weapons Artillery, machine guns, barbed wire,poison gas, flamethrowers, submarines, tanks, airplanes World War I

6. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman II. A New Kind of Warfare B. The German Offensive Belgium, August 1914 Germany on Two Fronts First Battle of the Marne C. War on the Eastern Front Tannenberg Masurian Lakes Lemberg World War I

7. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman II. A New Kind of Warfare D. War on the Western Front Verdun 700,000 men dead The Somme One million British, French, German casualties Passchendaele, Champagne E. War on the Periphery Ottoman Empire Gallipoli Peninsula Baghdad, 1917 War at Sea Jutland Depth charges, mines The Western Front

8. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman III. Adjusting to the Unexpected: Total War A. Mobilizing the Home Front Women’s Role Government Controls B. Silencing Dissent Easter Rebellion in Ireland, 1916 Alfred Balfour Balfour Declaration British: Independent Palestine

9. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman IV. The Russian Revolution and Allied Victory 1917: Serbia, Romania eliminated Italy defeated at Caporetto Russia leaves the war Revolution and Civil War in Russia, 1914-1920

10. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman IV. The Russian Revolution and Allied Victory A. Revolution in Russia Tsar Nicholas II January 1905, Bloody Sunday Winter Palace, St. Petersburg Duma, October 1905 March 1917, Tsar overthrown Provisional Government Prince Lvov Mensheviks, socialism Bolsheviks, revolution Lenin April Theses July Days, Kerenski The October Revolution November 1917, Lenin and Leon Trotsky Red Guard July 1918, Romanovs executed The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, March 1918 Russia and Germany

11. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman IV. The Russian Revolution and Allied Victory B. The United States Enters the Great War Lusitania Zimmerman Telegram > April 1917 General John Pershing German Defeat Ludendorff offensive Armistice, November 11, 1918

12. Chapter 26: War and Revolution, 1914–1920 Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman V. Settling the Peace Council of Four Georges Clemenceau, France David Lloyd George, Britain Vittorio Orlando, Italy Woodrow Wilson, United States Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia A. Wilson’s Fourteen Points Open discussion of treaties Disarmament Free trade Self-determination of peoples League of Nations B. Treaties and Territories Indemnity, $32 billion New countries: FinlandYugoslavia LatviaHungary LithuaniaEstonia PolandCzechoslovakia Europe after World War I