1. Good Morning! Friday, 11/5 As you come in, please pick up 1.Soil Notes (salmon) 2.Mechanical Weathering Lab (green)

2. Schedule:  Soils Notes  Mechanical Weathering Lab 1. Lab notes & revisions 2. Materials  Scale Instructions 3. Procedure 4. Analysis Questions

3. THE IMPORTANCE OF SOIL

4.  IDEAL SOIL FOR THE ROOTS OF PLANTS CONTAINS:  50% SOLIDS  25% AIR  25% WATER  FOR SURVIVAL, PLANTS TAKE IN:  AIR (OXYGEN)  WATER (MOISTURE)  SOLIDS (NUTRITIONAL MINERALS) WHAT IS SOIL MADE UP OF?

5.  PLANTS NEED SUPPORT, OXYGEN, IONS, AND LIQUID TO SURVIVE.  SOME PLANTS CAN SURVIVE WITHOUT SOIL  AQUATIC PLANTS  HYDROPONIC PRODUCTION  Hydroponic production is a method of growing plants using mineral nutrient solutions in water without soil.  MOST PLANTS THAT HUMANITY DEPENDS ON FOR FOOD AND FIBER REQUIRE SOIL HOW DOES SOIL HELP PLANTS?

6.  SOILS ARE FORMED BY SLOW WEATHERING PROCESSES THAT TAKE PLACE ABOVE AND BELOW THE EARTH’S SURFACE.  THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF WEATHERING 1.PHYSICAL WEATHERING 2.CHEMICAL WEATHERING 3.BIOLOGICAL WEATHERING HOW DO SOILS FORM?

7.  PHYSICAL WEATHERING  Wind and rain blowing against mountains  Water washing small pieces of rock away  Freezing rain cracks smaller boulders into smaller rocks PHYSICAL WEATHERING

8.  CHEMICAL WEATHERING (aka decomposition)  Rock chemically reacts with water and other acidic solutions to produce “rotten” rock that falls apart easier  Chemicals that are released during decomposition are sources of nutrients that help plants grow  Nitrogen (N)  Phosphorus (P)  Potassium (K) CHEMICAL WEATHERING

9.  BIOLOGICAL WEATHERING  LIVING ORGANISMS THAT CAUSE MECHAINCAL OR CHEMICAL WEATHERING  Tree roots  Lichen  Worms BIOLOGICAL WEATHERING

10.  Part 1: Mechanical Weathering  Part 2: Chemical Weathering SAVING SOILS LAB PART 1&2