1. Materiel, Propaganda, & Poetry

2. June 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 (Armstice); Treaty of Versailles June 28, 1919 Great Adventure: “The war to end all wars” – “over by Christmas”  Huge disillusionment C20 Weapons with C19 Tactics First Fully Mechanized War: Machine guns Tanks Airplanes Chemical Weapons Flame Throwers Irrational Causes and Fighting Techniques Beg. With Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, June 28, 1914

3. Allied Powers Dead: 5,525,000 Wounded: 12,831,500 Missing: 4,121,000 Total: 22,477,500 France: Dead / Wounded: 1,397,800 / 4,266,000 Great Britain Dead / Wounded: 886,939 / 1,663,435 Incl. Imperial Forces (Australia, Canada, India, etc.): 1,115,597 / 2,090,212 ~1,500/day for 4.3 years United States Dead / Wounded: 116,708 / 205,690 Russian Empire Dead / Wounded: 1,811,000 – 2,254,369 / 3,749,000 – 4,950,000

4. Central Powers Dead: 4,386,000 Wounded: 8,388,000 Missing: 3,629,000 Total: 16,403,000 Austria-Hungary Dead: 1,100,000 Wounded: 3,620,000 German Empire Dead: 2,050,897 Wounded: 4,247,143

5. The Lost Generation Public disillusionment in idealism, progress, technology, government, institutions, conventional morality Sense that humanity is unknown to itself Freudian Psychoanalysis (Death Wish) The greater part of our nature is the subconscious We desire and seek conflict automatically Levels of “Shell Shock” (PTSD) and other disorders never seen before Pervasive traumatic effect in the general culture, which is represented in literature and art of the 1920s-1930s.

23. Vera Brittain Testament of Youth (1933) Ernest Hemingway The Sun Also Rises (1926) A Farewell to Arms (1929) Erich Maria Remarque All Quiet on the Western Front (1929) T.S. Eliot The Waste Land (1922) Virginia Woolf Mrs. Dalloway (1925) To the Lighthouse (1927)