1. Fisheries
Fishing Methods

2. Bottom Trawling Dragging a fishing net along the seabed.
The net is cone shaped to trap the fish.
Ex: sole, flounder, haddock, cod

3. Bottom Trawling Pros: Cons:
Efficient and effective to catch groundfish.
Provides the market with larger volumes of seafood.
Cons:
Sometimes has high levels of by-catch.

4. Gillnets Vertical curtains of netting.
Fish swim into the net and become entangled.
Ex: swordfish, tuna, squid

5. Gillnets Pros: Cons: Inexpensive technique to catch full schools.
By-catch of medium to large marine species (sharks, turtles, small marine mammals).

6. Longlining
A main line with smaller lines attached are loaded with bait and attached to a vessel.
Ex: cod, haddock, halibut, swordfish, tuna, shark

7. Longlining Pros: Cons: Effective for catching deepwater species.
Low levels of by-catch.
Cons:
Lines take a long time to bait.
More by-catch if line is not weighted.

8. Purse Seine A long wall of netting hung vertically.
Used to encircle schools of fish.
Ex: small fish such as sardines, anchovies, mackerel, Pacific herring

9. Purse Seine Pros: Cons: Easy to catch full schools.
By-catch is minimal because schools are targeted.
Cons:
Species can become unsustainable.

10. Rod and Reel A pole with a baited line used to lure fish.
Technique well known to most recreational fishermen
Ex: halibut, bass, tuna, salmon, trout, mackerel

11. Rod and Reel Pros: Cons: Low levels of by-catch (can be released).
Low environmental impact.
Cons:
Time consuming and inefficient.

12. Shellfish Farming
Reproducing conditions favourable for the production of shellfish.
Growth occurs in mesh bags suspending on ropes.
Ex: mussels, clams, oysters

13. Shellfish Farming Pros: Cons: Removes pressure on wild shellfish.
Well-run farms can improve water quality.
Cons:
Possible waste.
Possible introduction of invasive species.

14. Traps and Pots
Metal or wood cage-like devices submerged to the seafloor.
Loaded with bait to attract specific fish and shellfish.
Ex: lobsters, crab

15. Traps and Pots Pros: Cons: Low environmental impact.
Low levels of by-catch.
Cons:
Forgotten traps may continue to fish (ghost fishing).

16. Trolling Trailing a baited line from a vessel.
The line stays relatively close to the surface.
Ex: salmon, tuna, bass, trout

17. Trolling Pros: Cons: Low environmental impact.
Low by-catch (can release).
Cons:
Energy and time intensive.

18. Videos Makah Longling Fishing Purse Seining Pacific Tuna on the Line
Stop at 2:40
Purse Seining
Pacific Tuna on the Line