1. Power Monitoring And Control System (PMACS) Kevin Schneider, Chen-Ching Liu University of Washington Department of Electrical Engineering

2. Overview Voltage, Current, Power Limit Checking Status Data and Analog Measurements All Operating Constraints Satisfied Operating Constraint's) Violated Emergency Control / Load Management Security Assessment System Restoration Loss of Load

3. Emergency Control Remote control capabilities Voltage of Nodes on Backbone > 5000V PMACS at shore stations :  limit checking to detect any voltage violations or over-current problems  Emergency control algorithm

4. Security Assessment To determine the voltage stability limit for the entire system PMACS calculates power flow  Determines the maximal power transfer value  Available power  Security margin PMACS security assessment software  Determines if the system will enter an emergency state

5. Security Assessment

6. Contingencies Loss of shore station Loss of shallow water links or deep water links Significant load increase Node failures Others

7. Load Management PMACS determines if power consumption should be limited using the acquired data Power is to be reserved for high-priority application PMACS load management software  Has load management / load shedding software  Uses information on power consumption and agreement  Maintains a list of priority of the loads  Identifies the load devices that need to be shed  Handles high current due to overloading

8. Data needs for PMACS Breaker Status Data o Breakers on the backbone o Breakers at the shore stations o Breakers on both sides of each converter Current and Voltage Data o MV points on the backbone o LV points on converter outputs