2. 1. Rotation-spinning of earth on it’s axis (imaginary line going through the center of the earth) 2. Revolution-movement of the earth (or any other celestial object) around the sun (or any other celestial object)

3.  Day and night  Coriolis Effect – deflection of the winds/ocean currents to the right in the northern hemisphere due to Earth’s rotation(geocentric model cannot explain)  Foucault Pendulum-freely swinging pendulum that changes direction with the rotation of the earth every hour. (geocentric model cannot explain)

4. Models of the Solar System  Geocentric Model: Earth at the center ◦ Proposed by Ptolemy (ancient Greek) ◦ Doesn’t explain coriolis effect or any other effect due to earth’s rotation  Heliocentric Model: Sun at the center ◦ Proposed by Copernicus and later improved by Keppler ◦ Orbits are not circular but elliptical

5. Seasons

6. March 20 or 21 June 21 or 22 Sept. 22 or 23 Dec. 21 or 22 12/12h15/9h12/12/h9/15h middleshortest middlelongest 0=the equator 23.5 N Tropic of Cancer 0=the equator 23.5 S Tropic of Capricorn noneTowards the sun none Away from the sun Refers to NH

16.  Which motion causes day and night?  Which motion causes the seasons?