2. Studies of the Earth  Astronomy: the study of space  Meteorology: the study of the forces and processes that cause atmosphere to change and produce weather  Geology: The study of materials that make up the Earth  Oceanography: the study of Earth’s oceans  Environmental Science: The study of the interactions of organisms and their surroundings

4. Earth’s Systems 1. Geosphere: the area from the Earth’s surface to its center 2. Atmosphere: the blanket of gases that surrounds our planet 3. Hydrosphere: all the water on Earth 4. Biosphere: All living organisms and the environments they live in

5. Measurement  Use SI units / Modern Metric System  (La Systeme International d’Unites)

6. Scientific Notation  Used to express extremely large numbers and extremely small numbers  The distance from the Sun to the Earth is ~150 000 000 000 m = 1.5 x 10 11 m  The size of a proton has been measured to be 0.00000000000000000000000000167 kg = 1.67 x 10 -27 kg