1. Presentation by ANAS AHMAD ME1 B1 batch 1214340024 Submited to
TOPIC
SHAPER MACHINE
Submited to
PRO. DEEPAK SHARMA
IMSEC mechanical department

2. overview
In this presentation we are going to discuss the one important mechanical machines , i.e. , shaper machine

3. SHAPER
Shaper is Machine tool which produces flat surfaces in horizontal, vertical or inclined planes depending upon the orientation of the cutting tool.
Features:
Single point cutting tool is used for machining. Tool is clamped in the tool post mounted on the ram of the machine.
The ram reciprocates to and fro, tool cuts the material in the forward stroke, No cutting during return stroke.
Job is held rigidly in a vice

4. PRINCIPLE
HORIZONTAL SHAPER – PARTS AND SKETCH
SHAPER MECHANISMS
OPERTIONS DONE ON SHAPER
CLASSIFICATION OF SHAPER
SPECIFICATIONS OF SHAPER
MACHINING TIME CALCULATIONS

5. HORIZONTAL SHAPER

6. VERTICAL SHAPER

7. HYDRAULIC SHAPER

8. MAIN PARTS OF CRANK SHAPER

9. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF SHAPER
Base
Column
Table
Cross Rail
Ram
Tool Head

10. Forward stroke is the cutting stroke
Forward stroke is the cutting stroke. Return stroke the tool does not cut, Double stroke= cutting stroke + return stroke
Stroke starts slightly before the work piece (a) and ends after the work piece (b) Total stroke length = l+a+b

11. Operations done using a shaper
Machining Horizontal Surfaces • Machining Vertical Surfaces • Machining Angular Surfaces • Cutting Slots, Grooves & Key ways • Machining irregular surfaces • Machining Splines / Cutting Gears

13. Main parts of a shaping machine
1. BASE 5. CROSS RAIL 2. COLUMN 6. SADDLE 3. RAM 7. TOOL HEAD 4. TABLE 8. CLAPPER BOX

15. PARTS OF SHAPER
BASE made of cast iron. Provides support for other parts of machine.
COLUMN- box type casting mounted vertically on top of base.
It has 2 guide ways. One vertical guideway in the front over which a cross slide moves up and down.
2nd horizontal guide ways on top over which ram reciprocate.
The reciprocating mechanism is housed inside the column

16. PARTS OF SHAPER
CROSS RAIL IT IS MOUNTED ON THE F RONT VERTICAL GUIDE WAYS.
THE TABLE CAN BE LOWERED OR RAISED BY ADJUSTING THE CROSS RAIL
TABLE- mounted on a saddle which is located above the cross rail. Top and and sides are accurately machined and have T slots.
RAM- supports tool head on its front. It reciprocates on accurately machined guideways on top of column

17. Contind…. TOOL HEAD fitted on the face of ram. Holds the tool rigidly.
Provide vertical and angular feeds for the tool
Tool head can be positioned at any angle

19. Classification of shapers
1 Position of ram travel • Horizontal Shaper- Ram holding the cutting tool moves In horizontal plane • Vertical Shaper-The cutting tool moves in vertical plane • Traveling head Shaper-Cutting tool reciprocates & moves cross wise simultaneously

20. 3 Acc. to Driving Mechanism:
a) Crank type - Driving mechanism is by crank & gear
b) Geared type - Driven by Rack & Pinion mechanism c) Hydraulic Shaper - Driven by oil pressure developed by a pump, which is run by an electric motor

21. Acc. to the Table Design :
a) Standard shaper- Work Table can be moved 1.Vertically & 2. Horizontally b) Universal Shaper- Table can be moved 1. Horizontally 2. Vertically 3. Swivelled & 4. Tilted This is mostly used in Tool Rooms

22. Acc. to Cutting Stroke action
a) Push Type Shaper- Standard Shaper.
• Metal is removed when the ram moves away from column • Most common type used in practice • Unless otherwise specified, the term shaper refers to Push type Shaper b) Draw Type Shaper
• Metal is removed when the tool is drawn towards the column • Allows heavier cuts to be made • Less vibration during cutting

24. Specifications of Shaping Machine
• Max.length of Stroke of Ram • Type of Drive • Power input • Floor Space required • Weight of the Machine • Cutting to Return Stroke ratio • Feed

25. Machining of horizontal surface The work surface is held securely on the table and tool is fixed in the tool head with minimum overhang, as shown in figure. The table with fixed work piece is raised close to the tool; the length and position of the stroke are adjusted. The stroke length is about 20mm longer than the work and stroke is adjusted such that the tool starts about mm before work piece and continues about 10 mm after the end of cut.

26. Contind..
Work piece is mounted on the table and the surface to be machined is set parallel to stroke axis. A side cutting tool is fitted in the tool head as shown in figure. The length of stroke is adjusted as described in section 5.1. The cutting feed is given by rotating the down feed screw by hand ( mm

27. mechanism

28. Advantages It provide economical and simple tooling.
A shaper is easy to set up and can be used on any flat or angular surface

29. Disadvantages
Due to simple point tooling shaper is not suited for production work
The amount of metal removed with one tool is insignificant as compared to other machining methods

30. THANK YOU