1. 18 th Century Poetry & Neo-Classicism “Sound and Sense” from Essay on Criticism

2. Outline 18 th Century -- The Age of Satire/Reason “Sound and Sense” Fast forward in time: Orlando

3. Do you go for moderation or passion? ReasonEmotion RestraintLiberation Order & SymmetryExcess Common SenseImagination and Invention PragmatismIdealism Public/Social ConcernsPersonal

4. The Age of Satire and Reason [Shakespeare (1564-1616) -- John Donne (1572-1631)]  The Neo-Classicism (1660 – end of the 18 th century) Restoration Drama -- Poetry (1704 ~ 1744-45) – Novel of Sensibility  Jonathan Swift Gulliver’s Travels  Alexander Pope "Essay on Criticism" (1711) as critical statements of Neoclassical principles (source)source  values order, logic, restraint, accuracy, "correctness," "restraint," decorum  Lyrical Ballads (1798) – Romanticism (French Revolution 1789-99) Heroic couplet

5. Alexander Pope Deformed, a Catholic in an age dominated by Protestant The one that defines the Augustan Poetry

6. “Sound and Sense” Find the sounds that match the sense!!! “Wisdom” from thy lips? O trespass sweetly urged!

7. “Sound and Sense” The excerpt from Pope's poem points out and then gives examples of common errors in writing. What are some of the problems that Pope addresses? This excerpt is a good example of the importance of sounds in poetry. In line 365 Pope says "The sound must seem an echo to the sense.” What does that mean? Can you find examples and counter-examples in this excerpt?  e.g. Lines 370-73 -- the Greek hero and heroines of the Trojan War. As you read these lines outloud, do you notice that they are difficult to say and they feel "heavy"? Or any lines swift and light? Can you identify the rhythm?

8. Heroic Couplet lines in iambic pentameter rhymed in pairs What does the poem have to say about alliteration, assonance, rhyme or heroic couplet?heroic couplet

9. Problems -- Poems which are too mechanical, too much concerned with its sound effects (meter and rhyme)  Open vowels – tiring (345)  Expletives – weak aid (346)  predictable rhymes (350-53)  Alexandrines as long slow lines (357)

10. Sound and Sense (heroes and music) 1. 370-71 Ajax 2. 372-73 Camilla 3. 374 – 383 Timotheus  Dryden

11. Orlando—in Different Power Positions from Renaissance To the 18 th century (Politics and Society) and then to the Victorian society in the 19 th century