1. Henry Loves All the Women! English Reformation

2. The Protestant Reformation began in Germany In 1517 With Martin Luther A Catholic Priest Disagreed with church practices Wrote his dissagreements in a paper called “95 Theses” Made Catholic church angry Church expelled him His ideas spread, starting new church groups in Europe

3. Radical, New Ideas! Priests can marry You cannot buy forgiveness Do not have to confess sins to a priest Pilgrimages are not required Kings nor bishops, nor popes should control church Congregations could choose their leaders “Salvation by Faith alone!” Bible is Only Authority Luther supposedly nailed his disagreements to these Church Doors in Wittenberg, Germany Oct. 31, 1517

4. Catholic Church was Furious! Luther was declared an enemy of Pope Leo X and a Heretic Luther was to be arrested and possibly executed He was protected by a German prince He escaped the city at night.

5. The Reformation in England Started over a King’s Love Life Henry VIII wanted a Divorce from His first wife, Catherine of Aragon, Aunt of King of Spain

6. Because …. He wanted to marry Anne Bolyen He had no male heir, only a daughter He believed Anne could give him a son She “bewitched” him! He declared his marriage to Catherine sinful Asked the Pope to Annul it.

7. The Pope says NO! Pope Clement VII refused Henry He was not about to offend the King of Spain! Henry had been given special permission by Pope to marry Catherine, therefore it could not be annulled.

8. So Henry Broke with the Church Henry created the Church of England He would be the head of it NO POPES! He took all of the Catholic Church’s property & money in England. He appointed all the bishops They granted him a divorce! An Anglican Cathedral in England, Canterbury Cathedral

9. Way was cleared to Marry He and Anne quickly married, because she was already pregnant He was sure it was the son he wanted

10. It was a daughter instead Queen Elizabeth I England’s greatest ruler They later had a son, stillborn Increased protections for Protestants Queen when England defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588

11. Not much real Change Henry kept the same beliefs and rituals of the Catholic Church He just did away with the Church Leadership and appointed his own Many in England were dissappointed

12. “Purify It!” Did Not like the Catholic elements in Anglican Church Wanted to Purify the Church of Catholic influence No Bishops! No Archbishops! No King in Church! Church should elect its leaders.

13. King Was Offended by their Beliefs Puritans will eventually leave England to come to America for Religious Freedom

14. Some Puritans Will Become Pilgrims The Mayflower, Massachusetts, 1620

15. What about Henry & Anne Anne Lost her head. Henry accused her of witchcraft and incest. Henry moved on to Jane Seymore. She finally bore him the son he desired. She died two weeks later.

16. More Wives? Anne of Cleves, 4 th Wife Married only 6 months Henry did not like how she looked They annulled the marriage Said it had not been consummated? He gave her a castle of her own Called her his “sister”

17. Wife # 5 Catherine Howard Anne’s Cousin Accused of Adultery Also Lost her Head

18. The Final Wife of Henry VIII Catherine Parr, #6 He was her third husband She married again after he died She was probably named after his first wife

19. Henry’s Church Reformation All about getting a divorce The Pope denied him So he broke with the Catholic Church and created the Church of England Not much difference But opened the door for new beliefs in England Those who wanted real change eventually come to America