1. Mali & Songhay

14. based on a 14 th century Catalan map showing Mansa Musa, king of Timbuktu, holding a gold nugget which he is offering to a Muslim merchant who is approaching on camel.

19. Mansa Musa: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa_I_of_Mali http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/suic/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Reference&disable Highlighting=false&prodId=SUIC&action=e&windowstate=normal&catId=&documentId=GALE|EJ2108101645&mode=vie w&userGroupName=lnoca_hudson&jsid=6ba86c436714e1efecd9472333103f8 http://lostislamichistory.com/a-gold-mine-in-the-desert-the-story-of-mali/ Songhai: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/4chapter4.shtml History of Sundiata : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_of_Sundiata http://www.bu.edu/africa/files/pdf/SUNDIATA1.pdf http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Adansonia_grandidieri02.jpg General History http://www.bu.edu/africa/files/pdf/SUNDIATA1.pdf http://www.learner.org/interactives/collapse/mali.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvnU0v6hcUo http://nerdfighteria.info/video/116/jvnU0v6hcUo http://spice.stanford.edu/docs/the_spread_of_islam_in_west_africa_containment_mixing_and_reform_from_the_eighth_ to_the_twentieth_century/ Islam: http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/africahaveyoursay/hajj_ap.jpg http://spice.stanford.edu/docs/africa/