1. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Abbasid Empire at Its Peak

2. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Islamic Heartlands in the Abbasid Eras  Abbasids build capitol in Baghdad  Al-Mahdi (775-785)  Shi’a unreconciled  Succession not secure

3. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Extravagance and Succession Disputes  Harun al-Rashid Son of al-Mahdi Flourishing of arts The Thousand and One Nights Death followed by civil war  Al-Ma'mun Sons built mercenary force Out of control

4. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Imperial Breakdown and Agrarian Disorder Civil unrest Caliphs:  built lavishly & supported mercenaries  tax burden increased  agriculture suffered Infra-structure collapsed

5. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Declining Position of Women  Seclusion, veil  Polygyny  More freedom for slave women

6. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Nomadic Incursions  Former provinces threaten Abbasids  Buyids, Persia  Take Baghdad, 945  “Sultans” = victorious  Seljuk Turks  1055, defeat Buyids  Sunnis Purged Shi’a officials  Defeated Byzantines & Egyptians

7. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Crusades  1096, 1 st Crusade  Middle East invaded by Christian knights  Small kingdoms established  8 Crusades  Spanned 200 years  3 rd Crusade  Saladin vs. King Richard

8. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Impact of Crusades  Sparked:  greater trade w/ Europe  Animosity btwn. Christians & Muslims

9. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Age of Learning and Art  Urban growth  Merchants thrive  Baghdad, before destruction by Mongols:

10. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Flowering of Persian Literature  Persian the court language  Administration, literature  Arabic in religion, law, sciences  Calligraphy  Firdawsi  Shah-Nama

11. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Shah-Nama Epic poem  History of Persia  Often set to music  Inspired exquisite illustrations

12. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Flowering of Persian Literature  Omar Kayyan (Khayyam)  Rubaiyat  Blend of mystical & commonplace

13. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Achievements in Math Math  Built on Greek work  Al-Jabr  “algebra”

14. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Achievements in the Sciences  Chemistry  1 st to conduct experiments  Al-Razi’s classifications  animal, vegetable, mineral

15. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Spread of Islam, 10th-16th Centuries

16. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Achievements in the Sciences  Medicine  Hospitals  Courses of study

17. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Religious Trends and the New Push for Expansion  Sufis  Mysticism  Ulama  Conservative  Against outside influence  Greek philosophy rejected Qur'an sufficient

18. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert New Waves of Nomadic Invasions and the End of the Caliphate  Mongols  Chinggis Khan  Largest contiguous empire  1258, Baghdad fell to Mongols  Last Abbasid killed

19. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Mongols conquering Baghdad

20. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Indian Influences on Islamic Civilization  Science, math, medicine, music, astronomy