1. Silvi-Culture Techniques

2. Clearcutting -establishes and __________________ forests where all of the trees become established at the same time. -Conditions are created to enhance the _____________ of trees that require sunny conditions.

3. Seed-Tree System Used to _______________ and _______ forests much like the _______________ system. When the trees are mature, they are removed. However, a handful of large, healthy trees are left scattered evenly across the forest to provide seeds to _________ new trees. Chosen based on _______, physical condition, how many seeds they produce, and ______________________________.

4. Shelterwood System Established to tend forests where all of the trees are about the same age. When they are mature, _____ to ______ of the trees are removed and used for wood products. Allows ____________________________.

5. Measuring Tools Clinometer – Increment Borer- Diameter tape- Wedge prism- Biltmore Stick-

6. Sawmills Name some machinery used in sawmills.

7. Even-aged trees Clear-cutting-removal of all trees larger than one inch in diameter from a specific area. Shelterwood cutting: 40-60% of the trees are removed, allowing new trees to become established in partial sunlight, under the shelter of the remaining older trees. Removal of the remaining older trees will take place when young trees grow.

8. Uneven-aged trees Group selection: small groups of trees are cut in selected areas. This creates openings for regeneration of trees that require partial sunlight. Individual Tree Selection: trees of various sizes, dispersed throughout the forest, are individually selected for cutting. This creates small openings for the establishment of shade-tolerant species.

9. Trees that grow best in an even aged forest. AspenBecause they need direct Black cherrysunlight. Oak Hickory Douglas-fir White pine Red pine

10. Trees that grow best in an un- even aged forest. Maple Beech Fir Hemlock Balsam These trees thrive in shaded areas.