1. Problems associated with rapid urbanisation Objective – to learn for Manila what problems it has because of the rapid urbanisation

2. Are you so indifferent you don’t even notice it’s upside down?

3. Cut and paste the problems  Rank them in the order with the most important at the top  Comment on the top and the bottom choices  Can they be categorized?

4. Recap: Why do people migrate from the Philippines countryside to the large cities Cebu and Manila?  Agricultural land has become overcrowded due to population increase  People cannot make a living from their land  People have moved to cities to look for jobs  The North-East region has been hit be droughts and the island provinces due to Typhoons and flooding  Better transport systems have allowed people to move  Radio and television have shown rural people urban life and they liked what they saw  Cities offer steady income, health care and clean running water

5. Why do people choose Manila?  It has over 2/3 of the nation’s wealth  Most of Philippines’s industries are located here so there are a greater range of employment opportunities  Higher wages than in the provinces  More and better quality services (e.g. school, hospitals, roads)  Attraction to the ‘bright lights’ of the city  Perception of a better quality of life, better housing etc. (although this might not always be the reality when people arrive.) 5 mins

6. The slums  The first recorded slum was in the early 1920's, made up of about 839 of these houses, even though squatter settlements have existed in Manila since the late 1800's.  The first of these slums were located on the edge of the city because of no rent and their central location to the city, utilities and work.  Five-hundred thousand to 1 million are estimated to live in illegal slums.  While the city of Manila is growing at 2.7% a year, the slums are growing at a rate of 7.5% a year. This massive and uncontrolled urbanization has extended Manila’s utilities and infrastructure passed their limit. The slums are the ones that suffer… 5 mins

7. Manila slum

10. Housing in Tondo

11. Services in Tondo

13. What about Manila?  In groups brainstorm the problems it faces due to rapid urbanisation?  We are going to pick 3, prove they are a problem and explore what is/could be done and to evaluate them  Set up a double page to do three spider diagrams.  Use your experience, this ppt and the video to help you. Quantify!  What other sources could we use to find out what is being done?

14. Housing.. What could be done?  Site work  Self Help housing  Relocation  Micro lending  reduce emigration  All needs tax income though!

15. Transport.. What could be done?  Strict bus lanes  Cycle lanes  Metro/MRT  Car tolls  Ban cars  Buses  Park and Ride  Water transport  Micro lending  Reduce emigration