1. Greek City States What does it mean to be a city-state? What are some of the names of the Greek city- states? What were some of the similarities and differences between them?

2. What does it mean to be a Greek city- state? Ancient Greeks lived in a mountainous land. The Mountains caused separate and independent city-states to form. They spread out to the surrounding islands and formed colonies. These colonies became city-states.

3. The Greeks called their city-state The Polis. Each Polis was an independent governing unit, and many had different types of government.

4. The Greeks built their polis around a hill called an Acropolis. On this high ground stood their main temple. Below, they built their homes and a marketplace. Social structure and citizenship in the Greek polis 1.Citizens free adult males had political rights and the responsibility of civic participation in government. 2.Women and foreigners had no political rights. 3.Slaves had no political rights.

5. Greek City-States Mediterranean Sea

6. Athens and Sparta were probably the two most famous and powerful city states in Ancient Greece. However, they were both very different.

7. Athens Athens was one great city state Athens was the cultural center of Greece, it had its golden age under the ruler Pericles. Athens developed a different type of Government. Athens was a democracy. The government of Athens, however, went through several stages before reaching democracy.

8. DRACO One of the Tyrants who worked for reform. Wrote Draco’s laws. His code, written about 621 B.C became famous for its harshness; death was the penalty for almost all crimes. (Grolier Online)

9. Athens

10. A nation of soldiers Around 1100 B.C. the Spartans migrated to the Peloponnesus and built the city of Sparta They enslaved the farmers who were there and called them helots. There was one Spartan to every five Helots The Spartan army was so fierce the Spartans didn’t build a wall around the city, it was said they had a wall of men. The Helots rebelled in 600 B.C. and were defeated by the Spartans, after this the Spartans killed any helot who made trouble. Sparta-Oligarchy (rule by a small group) Rigid social structure of warriors.

11. Sparta’s patron god was Ares, the god of war. A Spartan’s entire life revolved around preparation for war. At birth, children were checked for defects, if they were not strong and healthy they were left on a hillside to die. When a boy reached the age of seven he was sent to live in a barracks and was trained in military and athletic skills. He was poorly fed and was encouraged to steal to eat. If he was caught he would be severely punished. After 13 years of training they began service in the army. He served until the age of sixty. He was allowed to marry at 20, but still had to live in the military camp with the other soldiers.

12. Danger on the Horizon Athens and Sparta were very different but they would unite against a common foe. The foe would be the Persians lead by king Xerxes.

13. Quotation 1 "The fundamental motif through all the centuries has been the principle that force and power are the determining factors. All development is struggle. Only force rules. Force is the first law.... Only through struggle have states and the world become great. If one should ask whether this struggle is gruesome, then the only answer could be—for the weak, yes, for humanity as a whole, no. Instead of everlasting struggle, the world preaches cowardly pacifism, and everlasting peace. These three things, considered in the light of their ultimate consequences, are the causes of the downfall of all humanity.“ Motif: A recurring element or event. Pacifism- Opposition to conflict or war.

14. Quotation 2 "We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights,* that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed." Unalienable- Not to be separated, given away, or taken away

15. Types of Government Foldable Create a foldable on the following types of governments: Monarchy, Oligarchy, Aristocracy, Tyranny, Direct Democracy, Republic (Republican Democracy) For each term on the foldable you will include: The definition. A detailed picture describing the term. An example of one place in history that used this government Your Foldable should be Neat and Colorful.