1. NLE Prep Houses and Domestic Life

2. House Layout

3. Domestic Nomenclature Ianua = front door (from Ianus or Janus, the two-faced god of beginnings, comings and goings) Ianua = front door (from Ianus or Janus, the two-faced god of beginnings, comings and goings) Fauces = foyer Fauces = foyer Atrium = reception hall: This is the family and guest room where the household gods, the Penates and Lares, were kept in a shrine; here also could be found the ancestral masks Atrium = reception hall: This is the family and guest room where the household gods, the Penates and Lares, were kept in a shrine; here also could be found the ancestral masks

4. Impluvium = pool for rainwater that fell from the Compluvium, an opening in the roof Impluvium = pool for rainwater that fell from the Compluvium, an opening in the roof Cubiculum = bedroom Cubiculum = bedroom Triclinium = dining room so named because of the 3 dining couches arranged around a small table. Here the paterfamilias (head of the family with absolute power) and eldest sons, guests and perhaps the materfamilias (“grand dame”) reclined Triclinium = dining room so named because of the 3 dining couches arranged around a small table. Here the paterfamilias (head of the family with absolute power) and eldest sons, guests and perhaps the materfamilias (“grand dame”) reclined

5. Hortus = garden: this was designed for reflection, conversation with friends, business deals, etc. Around the hortus was the peristylium, a colonnade of pillars. Enter from the peristylium the surrounding rooms such as the … Hortus = garden: this was designed for reflection, conversation with friends, business deals, etc. Around the hortus was the peristylium, a colonnade of pillars. Enter from the peristylium the surrounding rooms such as the … culina = kitchen culina = kitchen Latrina = toilet Latrina = toilet Summer triclinium Summer triclinium Slaves quarters and storage rooms Slaves quarters and storage rooms

6. Dining Nomenclature Coquus = cook; usually a slave or a freedman Coquus = cook; usually a slave or a freedman Culina = kitchen Culina = kitchen Meals (consolidated) Meals (consolidated) Ientaculum = breakfast – light with cup of water, bread or some fish Ientaculum = breakfast – light with cup of water, bread or some fish Prandium = light lunch, perhaps leftovers from dinner Prandium = light lunch, perhaps leftovers from dinner Cena = dinner; for the wealthy or fortunate diners, this was a grand affair with many courses Cena = dinner; for the wealthy or fortunate diners, this was a grand affair with many courses Ab ovo usque ad mala = from the egg to the apples Ab ovo usque ad mala = from the egg to the apples

7. Triclinium

8. Lectus triclinaris 3 dining couches arranged around a small table 3 dining couches arranged around a small table 3 diners to a couch; reclining [in lecto recumbit] 3 diners to a couch; reclining [in lecto recumbit] Slaves brought in food; solid foods cut by slaves and eaten with fingers by the diners Slaves brought in food; solid foods cut by slaves and eaten with fingers by the diners Soups/liquid dishes served with spoons (obviously) Soups/liquid dishes served with spoons (obviously) Diners engaged in topical talks, business transactions or watched performances Diners engaged in topical talks, business transactions or watched performances

9. Family Nomenclature Paterfamilias: [pater = father] head of household; held absolute authority over family; patron to his clients whom he met and greeted early in the day Paterfamilias: [pater = father] head of household; held absolute authority over family; patron to his clients whom he met and greeted early in the day Materfamilias: [mater = mother] wife who maintained the house and managed domestic slaves; arranged business deals for husband, etc. Materfamilias: [mater = mother] wife who maintained the house and managed domestic slaves; arranged business deals for husband, etc. Nutrix: house nanny, usually an elderly, long- term slave of the family Nutrix: house nanny, usually an elderly, long- term slave of the family

10. Filius = son Filius = son Filia = daughter Filia = daughter Frater = brother Frater = brother Soror = sister Soror = sister Uxor = wife Uxor = wife Maritus = husband Maritus = husband Servus/-a = slave// Ancilla = slave girl Servus/-a = slave// Ancilla = slave girl Canis = dog [cave canem = beware of the dog] Canis = dog [cave canem = beware of the dog]

11. Types of Living Quarters Casa = small house, hut, cottage Casa = small house, hut, cottage Domus = generic term for house of any ilk Domus = generic term for house of any ilk Insulae = apartments Insulae = apartments Villa = “mansion” Villa = “mansion” Villa rustica = country farm house Villa rustica = country farm house Villa urbana = large city estate Villa urbana = large city estate

12. Insulae illustrated in Rome

13. An Atrium Scene

14. Relevant Sentences “Ubi est servus fratris mei?” rogavit soror. “Ubi est servus fratris mei?” rogavit soror. The sister asked, “Where is my brother’s slave?” The sister asked, “Where is my brother’s slave?” “[Is]” inquit amica, “in culina dormit.” “[Is]” inquit amica, “in culina dormit.” “He is sleeping in the kitchen,” the friend replied. “He is sleeping in the kitchen,” the friend replied. “Cur non in cubiculo dormit?” “Cur non in cubiculo dormit?” Why isn’t he sleeping in the bedroom? Why isn’t he sleeping in the bedroom? Interea frater culinam intrat et “Noli dormire, serve!” clamat. “Surge!” Interea frater culinam intrat et “Noli dormire, serve!” clamat. “Surge!” Meanwhile, the brother enters the kitchen and shouts, “Don’t sleep, slave! Get up!” Meanwhile, the brother enters the kitchen and shouts, “Don’t sleep, slave! Get up!”

15. 3 rd Declension Frater, fratris, m., brother Frater, fratris, m., brother SGPL SGPL NOMfrāterfrātrēs NOMfrāterfrātrēs GENfrātrisfrātrum GENfrātrisfrātrum DATfrātrīfrātribus DATfrātrīfrātribus ACCfrātremfrātrēs ACCfrātremfrātrēs ABLfrātrefrātribus ABLfrātrefrātribus

16. An Unfortunate Diner “Domine, cibus est paratus et in mensa,” inquit servus. “Domine, cibus est paratus et in mensa,” inquit servus. “The food is prepared and on the table, master,” says the slave. “The food is prepared and on the table, master,” says the slave. Dominus non est tristis sed laetus quod solus cenat. Dominus non est tristis sed laetus quod solus cenat. The master isn’t sad but happy because he dines alone. The master isn’t sad but happy because he dines alone. “Numquam cenam meliorem consumpsi,” inquit dominus. “Numquam cenam meliorem consumpsi,” inquit dominus. The master says, “I have never eaten a better dinner.” The master says, “I have never eaten a better dinner.” Sed subito per triclinium sagitta volat et eum vulnerat. Decidit exanimatus. Multus sanguis fluit. Sed subito per triclinium sagitta volat et eum vulnerat. Decidit exanimatus. Multus sanguis fluit. But suddenly an arrow flies through the dining room and wounds him. He falls, unconscious. Much blood flows. But suddenly an arrow flies through the dining room and wounds him. He falls, unconscious. Much blood flows.