1. Notes Bias and Error in Science Bias: this means you are prejudiced towards or against something and that you allow your views to affect the results of your experiment. Bias Is Bad! Bias  Science is about obtaining accurate results so bias should NEVER be allowed to influence your experimental results! Bias Science SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Agenda 1) Paper, Rock, Scissors. 2) Notes. 3) Exit Ticket.

2. 1.Yellow will say Paper, Rock, Scissors Shoot 2.Blue and Red will go first best two out of three wins. 3.The winner will play Yellow. Notes Rock, Paper, Scissors Science SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error BIAS should NEVER be allowed in science experiments!

3. Notes Bias in Science Experiments Example: Imagine that you doing an experiment to determine which NFL football quarterback can throw a football the furthest. Your favorite football team is the Tennessee Titans, so you are disappointed with your data when you notice that the Titans' Mariota’s throwing distance is not the furthest. Yet because he is your favorite quarterback, you change the data so that this Mariota appears to throw the furthest. Science SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error This is BIAS, and it should NEVER be allowed in science.

4. Example: Naomi loves to eat carrots. Mr. Holifield conducts an experiment to determine how much better carrots are for babies as opposed to all other baby food. Identify the bias or error in this situation ANSWER: Because Naomi likes carrots, Mr. Holifield wrongly assumes that ever other baby will like carrots too. He is biased toward carrots, so his results will contain errors. Notes Science SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error BIAS should NEVER be allowed in science experiments!

5. Two students who love Drakes new song “back to back” do an experiment to measure how long people have to hear one of Drakes songs before they too fall in love with his music. Question: How could the students adjust the experiment to remove the Bias and error ? Notes Bias in Science Science SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error BIAS should NEVER be allowed in science experiments!

6.  Humans are imperfect, so bias happens both intentionally and unintentionally Notes Solutions to Bias in Science Science SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Ways to Reduce and/or Eliminate Bias  Be aware that bias can and does happen  Strive to recognize it, and eliminate it from your experiments.  Follow the steps and principles of the scientific method  Make sure that others rigorously review your work looking for bias

7. Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Famous Bias in Science Science Thomas Edison and Direct Current Electricity Inventor: Thomas Edison

8. Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Famous Bias in Science Science Direct Current vs Alternating Current Bias: Edison promoted direct current electricity, but Nikola Tesla promoted alternating current for the Westinghouse Electric Company. Experiments had clearly demonstrated that alternating current was more efficient and less expensive. Yet Edison refused to yield to facts. Nearly all electricity generated today is alternating current

9. Avoid Mistakes:  One small error can result in all your experimental data being wrong  So scientists work very hard to avoid making mistakes Peer Review:  One key way scientists deal with this issue is by having other scientists review their work to check for mistakes  This very common practice is called peer review Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Errors in Science Science

10. O’DEER: Think back to our activity 1.What was the Independent Variable? 2.What was the dependent Variable? 3.Was there any error? If So what caused it? 4.The next time this activity is completed what can be done to eliminate the bias and error? Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Errors in Science Science

11. Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Famous Errors in Science Science Mars Climate Orbiter:

12. Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Famous Errors in Science Science Mars Climate Orbiter: Expensive Mistake: launched by NASA in December 1998, this robotic spacecraft was designed to study weather on Mars. A design team used standard units (pounds- seconds) while a different design team used metric units (newtons- seconds). So instead of orbiting Mars, the spacecraft crashed to the surface of the red planet. WHAT UNIT DO WE ALWAYS USE IN SCIENCE!?!? Cost of this mistake: $327 million dollars

13. Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Famous Bias and Errors in Science Science Canals on Mars Astronomer: Percival Lowell

14. Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Science Famous Bias and Errors in Science From 1894 to 1908 Percival studied the planet Mars with a large telescope.

15. He wrongly concluded that the features on Mars were canals built by extraterrestrials (Martians) Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Science Percival was fascinated about the possibility of intelligent life on Mars. He was biased about this. He observed hazy images of the surface of Mars His bias lead him to make significant errors about what he saw. Later observations by others confirmed that there are no signs of intelligent life on Mars. Famous Bias and Errors in Science

16. Notes SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Famous Bias and Errors in Science Science Canals on Mars Astronomer: Percival Lowell

17. Assessment SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Exit Ticket Science

18. Assessment SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Exit Ticket Science

19. Assessment SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Exit Ticket Science

20. Assessment SPI 0807.Inq.5: Bias and Error Exit Ticket Science