1. H. Biology Unit 1 Chapter 3-3

2. In one direction – it is a one-way flow How do biological systems move energy? How do biological systems move matter? Matter is recycled Biological systems do not use matter, they TRANSFORM it. Cycles of Matter

3. What is a LIMITING NUTRIENT? When an ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient. Examples: Nitrogen – Farmer’s fields / algal ocean blooms Cycles of Matter CYCLE: A group of processes in which matter and energy move

4. Carbon Cycle: Carbon is needed as a fuel for life processes. Nitrogen Cycle: Nitrogen is used to build proteins in cells. Phosphorous Cycle: Phosphorous is used to build cells. Water Cycle: Changes in form of water.

5. The Carbon Cycle To Atmosphere: Burning fossil fuel, volcanoes, fires, respiration To Biosphere: Photosynthesis, eating To Hydrosphere: Photosynthesis, eating, runoff To Geosphere: Decomposition of organic matter Carbon Cycle

6. The Carbon Cycle To Atmosphere: Burning fossil fuel, denitrification (Nitrates into N2) To Geosphere: Nitrogen fixation (bacteria & lightning)= turns N2 into ammonia, adding fertilizer To Biosphere: bacteria converts ammonia into nitrates/nitrites for producers to make proteins, consumers eat producers To Hydrosphere: Runoff, leaching Nitrogen Cycle

7. The Carbon Cycle To Atmosphere: DOESN’T HAPPEN To Geosphere: Runoff, dissolves in water, decomposers To Biosphere: Eating, absorb through roots To Hydrosphere: Runoff, leaching Phosphorous Cycle

8. The Carbon Cycle To Atmosphere: Evaporation, transpiration To Geosphere: Precipitation, condensation, infiltration To Biosphere: Drinking, absorbed through roots To Hydrosphere: Runoff, leaching