2. TOWARDS FASTER RECOVERY AFTER FLOODS EXAMPLE: NOTABLE GLOBAL FLOODS DURING 2008 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

3. 2015: FLOODS ARE A GLOBAL NATURAL HAZARD FLOODS SEVERE WINDSTORMS EARTHQUAKES DROUGHTS VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS ETC.

4. WITH 2015’S SPRING FLOODS ONLY WEEKS AWAY, ITS PAST TIME TO SPEED UP THE LONG-TERM RECOVERY PROCESS FOR FLOODS

5. FLOODS Floods occur somewhere in the world 10,000 times or more each year, - - - creating a multitude of local and regional dilemmas about what to shorten the recovery process.

6. FLOOD-INDUCED LANDSLIDES Many of the global flood occurrences also trigger landslides, mudslides, mudflows, and rock falls.

7. FLOODS Floods, which can be either slow onset or rapid onset events (i.e., flash floods), occur when a local drainage system can not process the amount of water that it is receiving in a normal manner.

8. FLOODS occur when water accumulates too rapidly to be processed in the locale from: a) natural events such as rainfall and snow melt, b) storm surge and heavy rain from hurricanes and typhoons, and c) tsunami waves

9. LOSS OF FUNCTION OF STRUCTURES IN FLOODPLAIN FLOODS INUNDATION INTERACTION WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STRUCTURAL/CONTENTS DAMAGE FROM WATER WATER BORNE DISEASES (HEALTH PROBLEMS) EROSION AND MUDFLOWS CONTAMINATION OF GROUND WATER CAUSES OF RISK CASE HISTORIES

10. NOTE: INUNDATION BECOMES A POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENT WHEN IT a) TRIGGERS LANDSLIDES, b) IMPACTS A COMMUNITY’S BUILDINGS, HOUSES, CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE, CROPS, AND c) CREATES A FAVORABLE ENVIRONMENT FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES

11. NOTABLE FLOODS OF 2008 Peru China Algeria

12. FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES IN PERU: 26 FEB – APRIL 8, 2008

13. PERU

14. FLOODS and MUDSLIDES IN PERU At least one-half million people in the Departments of San Martin and Huanuco and the Central highlands and jungle area were affected by prolonged, heavy rainfall and associated mudslides

15. IMPACTS Thirty-five percent of the people in six provinces were adversely affected Over 9,000 homes were destroyed and 1,200 damaged

16. IMPACTS Businesses were flooded and without power Transportation networks were flooded Farmland and crops were destroyed

17. IMPACTS Parts of Lima and Lurin were threatened after the prolonged runoff caused the Rimac, Chillon, and Lurin Rivers to reach flood stage.

18. FLOODING

19. FLOODING: CAJAMARACA

21. MUDSLIDES Following heavy rains in the area, mudslides occurred in the hills surrounding the village of Caserio Sachavaca, in the Amazonian Huanuco State of Peru, killing seven people

22. MUDSLIDES: CUSCO AREA

23. GOVERNMENT DECLARES STATE-OF-EMERGENCY The government of Peru declared a state of emergency in Piura, Lambayeque, Tumbes, and in Ucayali, a region in central Peru along the Brazilian border

24. GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE The Peruvian Government supplied over 100 tons of food, water, and aid supplies to people in flood-ravaged areas.

25. FLOODS IN CHINA DISPLACE 1.27 MILLION Guangdong, Sichuan,Ghizhou, and Fujian Provinces impacted MAY-JUNE, 2008

27. FLOODING IN SOUTHERN CHINA Runoff after several weeks of rain pushed the Xijiang and Beijiang Rivers over their banks in southern China, displacing more than 1.27 million people.

28. SOCIETAL IMPACTS The floods killed 57 people, collapsed tens of thousands of homes, damaged crops across more than 2.12 million acres, and caused $1.5 billion or more in economic losses.

29. FLOODING: GUIZHOU PROVINCE; MAY 27

30. FLOODING: SICHUAN PROVINCE

31. FLOODING: GUANGDONG PROVINCE; JUNE 15

32. A SUDDEN DISASTER The Beijiang River, which converges with the Xijiang River in Foshan, (Guangdong Province), swallowed an entire neighborhood that was home to about 100 people.

33. FLOODING: GUANGDONG PROVINCE; JUNE 15

34. FLOODING: FUJIAN PROVINCE; JUNE 14

35. FLOODING IN GHARDAIA PROVINCE, ALGERIA 600 KM SOUTH OF ALGIERS OCTOBER 1, 2008 SOURCE: Dr. Djillali BENOUAR

36. GHARDAIA, ALGERIA FLOODING; OCT 1, 2008

37. 30 deaths 50 injuries

38. 1) dozens of flooded towns and cities, 2) inundated homes and businesses, 3) lost crops and productivity of farm land, 4) loss of function of roads. THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF FLOOD-RELATED LOSSES

39. 5) loss of function of bridges, 6) overwhelmed utilities, 7) thirty-eight thousand evacuees, 8) regional business interruption, 9) loss of tourism, THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF FLOOD-RELATED LOSSES

40. 10) long-term clean-up (removal of debris, sewage, garbage, 10-million sandbags) 11) drying out of houses and businesses and their contents, 12) rebuilding of houses and levees. THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF FLOOD-RELATED LOSSES

41. 13) disposal of damaged home systems (e.g., refrigerators), 14) restoration of water quality in wells and municipal water systems 15) restoration of schools and universities. THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF FLOOD-RELATED LOSSES

42. 16) restoration of millions of acres of prime farm land. 17) rebuilding of towns and cities. THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF FLOOD-RELATED LOSSES

43. THE EVER PRESENT THREAT ASSOCIATED WITH FLOODS WATER RELATED DISEASES POLLUTION MOULD DEAD ZONES IN THE RIVERS

44. THREAT OF WATER-RELATED INFECTIOUS DISEASES The flood waters (and hazardous materials) seeping into water supply and distribution systems can make drinking water unsafe for thousands of homes and businesses.

45. MOULD: THE HAZARD AT HOME AFTER WATERS RECEDE Mold, which begins growing within 24 hours, was a threat for causing severe allergic reactions and potentially fatal respiratory seizures.

46. THREAT OF POLLUTION Flood waters loaded with of tons of fertilizer and other kinds of debris can dramatically increase soil and water pollution along a river system.

47. THREAT OF A DEAD ZONE A river dead zone, which is a zone starved for oxygen, can not support aquatic life.

48. MAIN IDEA Each flood disaster provides deeper insights on: 1) Protection, 2) Preparedness, 3) Early Warning, 4) Emergency Response, and 5) Recovery and Reconstruction

49. MAIN INSIGHTS FROM GLOBAL FLOODS MONITORING, EARLY WARNING, EVACUATION, AND WETLANDS, SANDBAGS, LEVEES, AND DAMS ARE VITAL FOR SAVING LIVES AND PROTECTING PROPERTY.

50. MAIN INSIGHTS FROM GLOBAL FLOODS BEING PREPARED INCLUDES CONSIDERATION OF POSSIBLE WATER-BORNE DISEASES

51. GOAL: COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE FLOODS SEVERE WIND STORMS EARTHQUAKES DROUGHTS LANDSLIDES WILDFIRES VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE TERRORISM INCREASED TECHNICAL AND POLITICL CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY TO COPE INCREASED OWNERSHIP AND USE OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE IMPROVE ON PAST PERFORMANCE

52. YOURCOMMUNITYYOURCOMMUNITY DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS HAZARDS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE PROTECTION PEPAREDNESS EARLY WARNING EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY/RECONSTRUCT. FIVE PILLARS OF RESILIENCE

53. MAIN INSIGHTS FROM GLOBAL FLOODS BEING PREPARED INCLUDES PRE- FLOOD PLANNING FOR POST-FLOOD RECOVERY (PFPPFR)