1. Warm-Up Exercises ANSWER 8.0 ANSWER 11.3 2. If m P = 58° and r = 5, find p. 1. If PR = 12 and m R = 19°, find p. Use this diagram for Exercises 1–4.

2. Warm-Up Exercises 4. If r = 8 and p = 12, find q. ANSWER 14.4 ANSWER 10.4 3. If m P = 60°, and p = 9, find q. Use this diagram for Exercises 1–4.

3. Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 1 Use an inverse tangent to find an angle measure Use a calculator to approximate the measure of A to the nearest tenth of a degree. SOLUTION Because tan A = 15 20 3434 = = 0.75, tan –1 0.75 = m A Use a calculator. tan –1 0.75 36.86989765... ANSWER So, the measure of A is approximately 36.9 o.

4. Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 2 Use an inverse sine and an inverse cosine Let A and B be acute angles in a right triangle. Use a calculator to approximate the measures of A and B to the nearest tenth of a degree. a. sin A = 0.87 b. cos B = 0.15 SOLUTION a. m A = sin –1 0.87 60.5 o b. m B = cos –1 0.15 81.4 o

5. Warm-Up Exercises GUIDED PRACTICE for Examples 1 and 2 1. Look back at Example 1. Use a calculator and an inverse tangent to approximate m C to the nearest tenth of a degree. ANSWER 53.1 o 2. Find m D to the nearest tenth of a degree if sin D = 0.54. ANSWER 32.7 o

6. Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 3 Solve a right triangle Solve the right triangle. Round decimal answers to the nearest tenth. SOLUTION STEP 1 Find m B by using the Triangle Sum Theorem. 180 o = 90 o + 42 o + m B 48 o = m B

7. Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 3 Solve a right triangle STEP 2 Approximate BC by using a tangent ratio. tan 42 o = BC 70 Write ratio for tangent of 42 o. 70 tan 42 o = BC Multiply each side by 70. Approximate tan 42 o 70 0.9004 BC 63 BC Simplify and round answer.

8. Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 3 Solve a right triangle STEP 3 Approximate AB by using a cosine ratio. cos 42 o = 70 AB Write ratio for cosine of 42 o. AB cos 42 o = 70 Multiply each side by AB. Divide each side by cos 42 o. Use a calculator to find cos 42 o. AB 70 cos 42 o = AB 70 0.7431 AB 94.2 Simplify. ANSWER The angle measures are 42 o, 48 o, and 90 o. The side lengths are 70 feet, about 63 feet, and about 94 feet.

9. Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 4 Solve a real-world problem THEATER DESIGN Suppose your school is building a raked stage. The stage will be 30 feet long from front to back, with a total rise of 2 feet. A rake (angle of elevation) of 5 o or less is generally preferred for the safety and comfort of the actors. Is the raked stage you are building within the range suggested?

10. Warm-Up Exercises EXAMPLE 4 Solve a real-world problem SOLUTION Use the sine and inverse sine ratios to find the degree measure x of the rake. sin x o = opp. hyp = 2 30 0.0667 x sin –1 0.0667 3.842 ANSWER The rake is about 3.8 o, so it is within the suggested range of 5 o or less.

11. Warm-Up Exercises GUIDED PRACTICE for Examples 3 and 4 3. Solve a right triangle that has a 40 o angle and a 20 inch hypotenuse. ANSWER 40 o, 50 o, and 90 o, about 12.9 in., about 15.3 in. and 20 in. WHAT IF? In Example 4, suppose another raked stage is 20 feet long from front to back with a total rise of 2 feet. Is this raked stage safe? Explain. No; the rake is 5.7° so it is slightly larger than the suggested range. ANSWER

12. Warm-Up Exercises Daily Homework Quiz ANSWER 54.9° Use this diagram for exercises 1-3. 1. If x = 9 and z = 11 find m X to the nearest tenth of a degree. ANSWER 63.4° 2. If y = 5 and z = 12 find m X to the nearest tenth of a degree.

13. Warm-Up Exercises Daily Homework Quiz ANSWER The angles are 17.4°, 72.6°, and 90° ; the sides are 12, about 3.6, and about 11.5. 3. If m Y = 17.4° and z = 12 solve ∆ XYZ. Use this diagram for exercises 1-3.